Aosite, kusukela 1993
Ingabe ukhathele ama-hinges angathandeki emakhabetheni akho achitha ukubukeka kwekhishi lakho noma indlu yokugezela? Funda izimfihlo zokufihla ama-hinges kumakhabethe futhi uzuze ukubukeka okucacile, okungenamthungo okuzophakamisa ukubukeka kwendawo yakho. Kulesi sihloko, sizofaka izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokufihla amahinge ekhabethe futhi sinikeze imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuqedela okuphrofeshinali, okupholishiwe. Valelisa kumahinge abonakalayo futhi sawubona ubuhle besimanje, obuhlelekile ngokuqondisa kwethu kochwepheshe.
Amahinge angase abonakale njengemininingwane emincane ekwakhiweni kwekhabhinethi, kodwa empeleni angadlala indima ebalulekile kukho kokubili ukusebenza nobuhle bamakhabethe akho. Amahinge afihliwe, ikakhulukazi, asethandwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwekhabhinethi yesimanje ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo okubushelelezi, okungenamthungo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokubaluleka kwamahinge afihliwe futhi sinikeze amathiphu okufihla ngempumelelo ama-hinges kumakhabhinethi.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zamahinge afihliwe yikhono labo lokudala ukubukeka okuhlanzekile, okuncane ekhishini noma kunoma iyiphi enye indawo lapho amakhabhinethi efakwe khona. Ngokungafani nama-hinges angaphandle, abonakala lapho iminyango yekhabhinethi ivaliwe, izinsimbi ezifihliwe zifihliwe ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi futhi zibonakala kuphela lapho iminyango ivuliwe. Lokhu kudala indawo engenamthungo, engaphazamiseki ngaphambili kwamakhabethe, enganikeza lonke igumbi umuzwa opholishiwe kakhulu futhi wesimanje.
Enye inzuzo yamahinge afihliwe yikhono labo lokuhlinzeka ngobubanzi obubanzi bokunyakaza kweminyango yekhabhinethi. Ngenxa yokuthi amahinge afihliwe aklanyelwe ukulungiseka ngokugcwele, angenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze avumele ukuvuleka okubushelelezi, okunembile nokuvalwa kweminyango. Lokhu kungaba usizo ikakhulukazi emakhishini lapho isikhala silinganiselwe, njengoba iminyango evulekayo ivuleka ingadala izithiyo futhi yenze kube nzima ukuzulazula ekamelweni.
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zabo ezibukwayo nezisebenzayo, amahinge afihliwe aphinde anikeze izinga lokuvikeleka nokuqina okungenzeka kungabi khona kumahinge angaphandle. Ngenxa yokuthi afakwe ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi, ama-hinges afihlekile angakwazi ukuphazamisa noma ukulimala, okungasiza ekwandiseni impilo yamakhabhinethi nokuvikela izinto ezigcinwe ngaphakathi.
Uma kuziwa ekufihleni ngempumelelo amahinge emakhabetheni, ukukhetha kwabahlinzeki behinge kanye nabakhiqizi behinge yekhabhinethi kubaluleka. Kubalulekile ukusebenza nabahlinzeki nabakhiqizi abahloniphekile abangahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ephezulu, enokwethenjelwa ezothuthukisa ukuklama okuphelele nokusebenza kwamakhabhinethi.
Uma ukhetha ama-hinges afihliwe amakhabethe, kubalulekile ukucabangela isisindo nobukhulu beminyango yekhabhinethi, kanye nomklamo othize kanye nokuhlelwa kwamakhabhinethi. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zamahinge ezifihliwe ziyatholakala ukuze kuhlaliswe osayizi beminyango abahlukene nezisindo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha amahinge afanele ngezidingo zakho ezithile.
Uma amahinge esekhethiwe, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi wokufakwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amahinge afihliwe kahle futhi aqondaniswe ukuze asebenze kahle, angaguquguquki. Lokhu kungase kudinge ukunemba nokunakwa kwemininingwane, kodwa umphumela uzowufanele umzamo.
Ekuphetheni, ama-hinges afihliwe angaba nomthelela omkhulu ekubukeni okuphelele nokusebenza kwamakhabhinethi. Ikhono labo lokudala ukubukeka okungenamthungo, okuhlanzekile, ukuhlinzeka ngobubanzi obubanzi bokunyakaza, nokunikeza ukuvikeleka okwandisiwe nokuqina kubenza babe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwesakhiwo sekhabhinethi yesimanje. Ngokusebenza nabahlinzeki be-hinge abahlonishwayo kanye nabakhiqizi futhi unakekele ukukhetha nokufaka amahinge afanele ngezidingo zakho ezithile, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi amakhabethe akho awabukeki nje mahle kodwa futhi asebenza ngokungenasici iminyaka ezayo.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokwakhiwa kwekhabhinethi, amahinge angahle angabi yinto yokuqala efika engqondweni, kodwa adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasebuhleni bamakhabethe akho. Amahinge afihliwe, awaziwa nangokuthi amahinge afihliwe noma aseYurophu, ayisinqumo esidumile semiklamo yesimanje yekhabhinethi. Banikeza ukubukeka okubushelelezi, okungenamthungo njengoba efakwe ngaphakathi komnyango wekhabethe, ngakho angabonakali uma umnyango uvaliwe. Ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile lwamahinge afihliwe amakhabethe akho kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle nokubukeka okuhlanzekile, okupholishiwe.
Enye yezinto zokuqala okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha amahinge afihliwe amakhabethe akho uhlobo lokwakhiwa kwekhabhinethi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamahinge afihliwe: i-frameless kanye nohlaka lobuso. Amakhabethe angenafreyimu, aziwa nangokuthi amakhabethe anembondela egcwele, anomnyango ovala yonke indawo engaphambili yebhokisi lekhabethe. Lawa makhabhinethi adinga uhlobo olukhethekile lwehinji efihliwe eklanyelwe ukunamathisela ngqo eceleni kwebhokisi lekhabhinethi futhi inikeze ukumbozwa okugcwele kwembondela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhabethe efreyimu yobuso anohlaka olunamathiselwe ngaphambili kwebhokisi lekhabhinethi, futhi iminyango ngokuvamile inembondela eyingxenye. Lolu hlobo lwekhabethe ludinga uhlobo oluhlukile lwehinji efihliwe eklanyelwe ukukhweza kuhlaka lobuso futhi lunikeze ukumbozwa kwembondela okufunayo.
Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha amahinge afihliwe amakhabethe akho i-angle yokuvula. Amahinge afihliwe afika ngama-engeli ahlukene okuvula, ngokuvamile asukela ku-90 kuya ku-165 degrees. I-engeli yokuvula inquma ukuthi umnyango wekhabhinethi ungavuleka kude kangakanani, futhi kubalulekile ukukhetha i-engeli elungile ngokusekelwe ekuhlelweni nasekuklanyweni kwendawo yakho. Isibonelo, uma amakhabethe akho ekhoneni eliqinile noma eduze kodonga, ungase uthande ukucabangela amahinge afihliwe ane-angle yokuvula encane ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iminyango ingavuleka ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokushaya noma yiziphi izithiyo.
Ngaphezu kwe-engeli yokuvula, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela isici sokuvala kancane lapho ukhetha amahinge afihliwe amakhabethe akho. Amahinge avale kancane anomshini owakhelwe ngaphakathi obambezela isenzo sokuvala somnyango wekhabhinethi, awuvimbele ukuthi ungavaleki. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukuvikela amakhabethe akho emonakalweni kodwa futhi kunciphisa umsindo futhi kunikeza umuzwa ocwengekile, wokunethezeka ekuhlangenwe nakho kwekhabhinethi iyonke. Uma ukhetha amahinge afihliwe anesici esivala kancane, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka umthamo wesisindo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi angakwazi ukusekela isisindo seminyango yekhabethe lakho.
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni amahinge afihliwe amakhabethe akho, kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki wehinge othembekile nohloniphekile. Abakhiqizi bamahinge eKhabhinethi banikeza izinhlobonhlobo zamahinge afihliwe ngezitayela, osayizi, kanye nokuqedwa okuhlukahlukene ukuze kuhambisane nemiklamo ehlukene yekhabhinethi nokuthandwayo. Kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki wehinge ohlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu, isevisi yamakhasimende enhle kakhulu, nokusekelwa okuthembekile kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola amahinge afihlekile amakhabethe akho.
Sengiphetha, ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwamahinge afihliwe amakhabethe akho kubalulekile ukuze uzuze ukubukeka okungenamthungo, okupholishiwe nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle, okuphumelelayo. Cabangela uhlobo lokwakhiwa kwekhabhinethi, i-engeli yokuvula, nesici esivala kancane uma ukhetha amahinge afihliwe, bese ukhetha umhlinzeki wehinge othembekile ukuze akunikeze ngemikhiqizo nokusekelwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngamahinge afihliwe afanele, ungakwazi ukuphakamisa ukuklama nokusebenza kwamakhabethe akho ukuze udale indawo enhle, esebenzayo.
Uma kuziwa ekunikezeni amakhabethe akho ukubukeka okucacile nokupholishiwe, amahinge afihliwe ayindlela yokuhamba. Abagcini nje ngokunikeza ukubukeka okungenamthungo nokuhlanzekile, kodwa futhi bahlinzeka ngokuvula nokuvala okubushelelezi nokulula kweminyango yekhabhinethi yakho. Uma ubheke ukuthuthukisa amakhabethe akho ngamahinge afihliwe, lo mhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo uzokusiza ngenqubo yokufaka.
Isinyathelo 1: Qoqa Amathuluzi Akho Nezinto Zokusebenza
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale inqubo yokufaka, qiniseka ukuthi unawo wonke amathuluzi nezinto zokwakha ezidingekayo. Uzodinga:
- Amahinge afihliwe
- Ukubhoboza
- Izikulufo
- I-Screwdriver
- Itheyiphu yokulinganisa
- Ipensela
- Izinga
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Susa ama-Hinges amadala
Qala ngokukhipha amahinge amadala, abonakalayo eminyango yekhabethe lakho usebenzisa isikrudrayiva. Uma amahinge amadala esekhishiwe, hlanza izindawo lapho kuzofakwa khona amahinge amasha ukuze uqinisekise ukulingana okubushelelezi nokuvikelekile.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Linganisa futhi Maka
Usebenzisa itheyiphu yokulinganisa, phawula ukubekwa kwamahinji amasha afihliwe eminyango yekhabethe. Qiniseka ukuthi ukala futhi umaka ngokunembile ukuze uqinisekise ukuqondanisa kahle nokusebenza kwamahinge afihliwe. Sebenzisa izinga ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izimpawu ziqondile futhi zisezingeni.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Izimbobo Zokubhoboza Ngaphambili
Usebenzisa i-drill, bhoboza ngokucophelela izimbobo zamahinji afihliwe ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-drill bit efanelekile yezikulufi ezizosetshenziselwa ukuvikela amahinge.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Faka ama-Hinges
Lapho izimbobo sezimboziwe ngaphambili, sekuyisikhathi sokufaka amahinge afihliwe eminyango yekhabhinethi. Qondanisa amahinge nezimbobo ezibhojwe ngaphambili futhi uzivikele endaweni yazo usebenzisa izikulufu ne-screwdriver. Qinisekisa ukuthi amahinge aboshwe ngokuvikelekile eminyango yekhabhinethi ukuze uqinisekise ukuzinza nokusebenza.
Isinyathelo sesi-6: Namathisela Iminyango Emakhabetheni
Ngama-hinges afihliwe afakwe eminyango yekhabhinethi, sekuyisikhathi sokunamathisela iminyango kumafreyimu ekhabhinethi. Qondanisa ngokucophelela amahinji eminyango namapuleti ahambisanayo okufakwayo kumafreyimu ekhabhinethi. Vikela amahinge kuma-mounting plate usebenzisa izikulufu ne-screwdriver.
Isinyathelo sesi-7: Lungisa Njengoba Kudingeka
Uma iminyango yekhabhinethi isinamathiselwe, hlola indlela yokuvula nokuvala ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okushelelayo nokungenamthungo. Uma kudingeka ukulungiswa, sebenzisa i-screwdriver ukuze wenze noma yikuphi ukulungisa okudingekayo kumahinji ukuze kulungiswe kahle nokusebenza.
Sengiphetha, ukufaka amahinge afihliwe emakhabetheni kuyindlela enhle yokunikeza amakhabethe akho ukubukeka okuhlanzekile nesimanje ngenkathi futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo. Ngamathuluzi alungile kanye nomhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ungakwazi ukuthuthukisa kalula amakhabethe akho ngamahinge afihliwe futhi ujabulele ukubukeka okucacile nokungenamthungo akunikezayo.
Uma ufuna umphakeli we-hinge noma abakhiqizi be-hinge yekhabhinethi, kubalulekile ukukhetha inkampani ehloniphekile nethembekile enikeza amahinge aphezulu. Ngamahinge alungile kanye nokufakwa okufanele, ungakwazi ukuphakamisa ukubukeka nokusebenza kwamakhabethe akho ngamahinge afihliwe.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokufakwa kwekhabhinethi, enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile ezivame ukunganakwa yihinge. Ihinge efakwe kahle ingenza umehluko ekusebenzeni nasekuthandeni kwekhabhinethi, kodwa uma ingenziwanga kahle, ingaba i-eyere enkulu. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngamathiphu namasu okuqinisekisa ukufakwa kwehinge okungenamthungo nokufihliwe. Noma ngabe ungumthandi we-DIY noma uchwepheshe, lawa masu azokusiza ukuthi uzuze ukubukeka kochwepheshe kwamakhabethe akho.
Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-hinge efanele ikhabethe lakho. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zamahinge ezitholakalayo, okuhlanganisa amahinge afihliwe, amahinge abekwe phezulu, namahinge esitayela saseYurophu. Ukuze uthole ukubukeka okungenamthungo nokucashile, amahinge afihliwe ayindlela yokuhamba. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esibalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki we-Hinge onokwethenjelwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi uthole amahinge akho kumkhiqizi wezihinge weKhabhinethi ohlonishwayo ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo.
Uma usukhethe ihinji efanele futhi uyithole kumnikezeli wezinga eliphezulu, sekuyisikhathi sokugxila enqubweni yokufaka. Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ekufezeni ukufakwa kwe-hinge efihliwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-hinge ihambisana kahle nomnyango wekhabhinethi kanye nohlaka. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokusebenzisa i-jig noma isifanekiso esiklanyelwe ukufakwa kwamahinge. Isifanekiso sizokusiza ukuthi umake ngokunembile indawo yehinge futhi ubhoboze izimbobo ezinembile, uqinisekise ukulingana okuphelele.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokufakwa kwehinge okufihliwe ukujula kwenkomishi yehinge. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa ngokucophelela futhi ulungise ukujula kwenkomishi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-hinge ifihliwe ngokuphelele lapho umnyango wekhabhinethi uvaliwe. Abanye abakhiqizi be-hinge banikeza izinkomishi zokujula ezilungisekayo, okungaba isici esibalulekile sokufeza ukufakwa okungenamthungo.
Ngaphezu kokujula kwendebe, kubalulekile ukunaka igebe phakathi komnyango wekhabhinethi nohlaka. Igebe elibonakalayo lingaphazamisa ukubukeka kwekhabhinethi futhi liveze i-hinge. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukulungisa ngokucophelela amahinge ukuze uqinisekise igebe elingaguquki nelincane elizungeze umnyango.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi afanele kanye nehadiwe kubalulekile ekufakweni okufihlekile kwamahinge. I-drill yekhwalithi, i-screwdriver, namathuluzi wokulinganisa ayadingeka ukuze kufakwe okunembayo. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa izikulufu ezifanele namapuleti okukhweza anikezwe umenzi wehinge kuzoqinisekisa ukufakwa okuphephile nokuhlala isikhathi eside.
Okokugcina, ukunaka ukuthinta kokuqeda njengokulungisa ukushuba kwesihenqo kanye nokwengeza izindlela zokuvala kancane kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza nokuqina kwekhabhinethi. Le mininingwane emincane ingenza umehluko omkhulu kukhwalithi isiyonke yokufaka.
Sengiphetha, ukufeza ukufakwa kwehinge okungenamthungo nokucashile kudinga ukunakwa kwemininingwane, ukukhethwa kwehinji efanele kanye nomphakeli, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi namasu alungile. Ngokulandela lawa macebiso namasu, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi amahinge ekhabethe lakho afakwe ngobuchule futhi ahlangana ngaphandle komthungo nomklamo jikelele wekhabhinethi. Khumbula, ihinge efakwe kahle ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ubuhle bekhabhinethi kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Amahinge afihlekile emakhabetheni ahlinzeka ngokubukeka okucacile nokungenamthungo okungaphakamisa ubuhle obuphelele banoma yiliphi ikhishi noma igumbi lokugezela. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukugcina kahle futhi uxazulule lezi zihibe ezifihliwe. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokugcina amahinge afihliwe futhi sibhekane nezinkinga ezivamile zokuxazulula izinkinga ezingase ziphakame.
Ukuqala, ukukhetha umhlinzeki wehinge ofanele kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuqinisekisa ubude besikhathi samahinge afihliwe. Kubalulekile ukukhetha abakhiqizi bamahinge ekhabhinethi abahloniphekile abahlinzeka ngamahinji ekhwalithi ephezulu, ahlala isikhathi eside. Ngokukhetha amahinge kubakhiqizi abathembekile, ungathembela ekuthembekeni nasekuqineni komkhiqizo, ekugcineni kuholele ekunciphiseni ukulungiswa nokuxazulula izinkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Uma usukhethile amahinge kumnikezeli we-hinge othembekile, ukufakwa okufanele kubalulekile. Amahinge kufanele anamathiselwe ngokuvikelekile emnyango wekhabhinethi kanye nohlaka ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yikuphi ukucindezeleka okungadingekile noma ubunzima kumahinge. Ukwengeza, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amahinge aqondaniswe kahle kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kuvimbele ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ukunakekelwa okuvamile nakho kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kwamahinge afihliwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokugcina amahinji ehlanzekile futhi engenawo udoti noma ukunqwabelana, kanye nokugcoba izingxenye ezihambayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungqubuzana. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole amahinji ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguga noma zokulimala, futhi ulungise noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha ukuze uvimbele ezinye izinkinga.
Esimeni lapho ukuxazulula inkinga kuyadingeka, kunezinkinga ezimbalwa ezivamile ezingase ziphakame ngamahinge afihliwe. Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ukungahambi kahle komnyango, okungabangela ukuthi umnyango ungavaleki kahle noma udale ubunzima ekuvuleni nasekuvaleni. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungaxazululwa ngokulungisa amahinge ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqondana okufanele.
Enye inkinga evamile ukuklinya noma amahinge ama-creaking, okungabangelwa ukuntuleka kokugcotshwa noma ukunqwabelana kwemfucumfucu. Kulokhu, ukusebenzisa i-lubricant ezingxenyeni ezihambayo zehinge kungadambisa umsindo futhi kukhuthaze ukusebenza kahle. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uhlole amahinji ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguga futhi uwashintshe uma kudingeka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahinge afihliwe angase abe nezinkinga ngendlela yangaphakathi, njengokushuba kwentwasahlobo noma ukumelana nengalo yehinge. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kutuswa ukuthi uxhumane nabakhiqizi behinge yekhabhinethi ukuze uthole isiqondiso esithile sokuxazulula inkinga noma ucabange ukushintsha amahinge uma inkinga ingaxazululeki.
Ekuphetheni, ama-hinges afihliwe amakhabethe anganikeza ukubukeka kwesimanje futhi okungenasici, kodwa ukugcinwa okufanele nokuxazulula izinkinga kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokukhetha amahinge ekhwalithi ephezulu kubahlinzeki be-hinge abahlonishwayo, uqinisekise ukufakwa okufanele, kanye nokunakekela okuvamile, ungavimbela izinkinga ezivamile futhi welule isikhathi sempilo yamahinji afihliwe. Ukwengeza, ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zokuxazulula izinkinga ngokushesha kungasiza ekugcineni ukusebenza okungenamthungo kwamahinge afihliwe iminyaka ezayo.
Sengiphetha, ukufunda ukufihla amahinge emakhabetheni kuyikhono elibalulekile kunoma ubani ofuna ukuthuthukisa ukukhanga kobuhle bekhabhinethi yabo. Ngesipiliyoni seminyaka engu-30 embonini, inkampani yethu ithuthukise ubuchwepheshe bethu kwezobuciko bokwenza ikhabethe futhi inganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ezindleleni ezingcono kakhulu zokufihla amahinge. Ngokulandela amathiphu namasu ashiwo kulesi sihloko, ungakwazi ukuphakamisa ukubukeka kwamakhabethe akho futhi udale isiphetho esingenamthungo, esiphucuziwe endaweni yakho yokuhlala. Ngakho-ke ungavumeli amahinge angabukeki aphazamise ubuhle bamakhabethe akho - zinike isikhathi sokwazi ubuciko bokufihla amahinge futhi ujabulele imiphumela emangalisayo.