Aosite, kusukela 1993
Ingabe ukhathele ngokushintsha njalo izibambo zeminyango yakho? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokukhetha izibambo zeminyango ezingamelana nokusetshenziswa njalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngeyekhaya lakho noma ihhovisi, ukuthola izibambo zeminyango eziqinile nezihlala isikhathi eside kubalulekile. Sizokunikeza amathiphu nemininingwane ukukusiza wenze ukukhetha okulungile kwendawo yakho. Valelisa kuzibambo zeminyango ezingaqinile bese uthi sawubona ezinkethweni ezithembekile, zekhwalithi ephezulu. Funda ukuze uthole ukuthi ungenza kanjani ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kwezidingo zakho.
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni izibambo zeminyango yezindawo zethrafikhi ephezulu, ukuqina kuyisihluthulelo. Izibambo zeminyango kulezi zindawo zingaphansi kokusetshenziswa njalo, okungabangela ukuguga nokukhala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwezibambo zeminyango eziqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zingakwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa kanzima ezizobhekana nazo.
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha izibambo zeminyango yezindawo zethrafikhi ephezulu yizinto ezenziwe ngazo. Insimbi engagqwali iyinketho ethandwayo yezibambo zeminyango ezindaweni ezigcwele izimoto ngoba iqinile futhi imelana nokugqwala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingakwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa njalo kanye nokuchayeka ezintweni ezivame ukuba nazo ezindaweni zethrafikhi ephezulu.
Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile wumklamo wesibambo somnyango. Izibambo zeminyango yezindawo eziphakeme zethrafikhi kufanele zenziwe kucatshangwa nge-ergonomics, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kulula ukuzisebenzisa futhi zikhululekile kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka namakhono. Kufanele futhi zakhelwe ukuthi zibe lula ukuzihlanza nokuzinakekela, njengoba izindawo ezinezimoto eziningi zivame ukudinga ukuhlanzwa njalo ukuze zihlale zibukeka kahle kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nomklamo wesibambo somnyango, indlela yokufaka nayo iwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile. Izibambo zeminyango yezindawo zethrafikhi ephezulu kufanele zifakwe ngokuvikelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zingakwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa njalo ezizobhekana nakho. Lokhu kungase kudinge ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenyekazi zehadiwe ezisindayo kanye nokufakwa kochwepheshe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izibambo zeminyango zinamathele ngokuvikelekile emnyango.
Njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile ukuqonda izidingo ezithile zezindawo zethrafikhi ephezulu ukuze kukhiqizwe izibambo zeminyango ezihlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukwenza ucwaningo ngezinto zokwakha kanye nemiklamo efaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezigcwele izimoto, kanye nokusebenza eduze namakhasimende ukuze baqonde izidingo zabo ezithile.
Sengiphetha, ukukhetha izibambo zeminyango ezindaweni eziphakeme zezimoto kuyisinqumo okungafanele sithathwe kalula. Kubalulekile ukuqonda izidingo ezithile zezindawo zethrafikhi ephezulu futhi ukhethe izibambo zeminyango ezihlala isikhathi eside, ezi-ergonomic, futhi kulula ukuzinakekela. Ngokucabangela lezi zici, abakhiqizi bezibambo zeminyango bangakhiqiza izibambo zeminyango ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezingakwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa okunzima abazobhekana nazo ezindaweni eziphakeme zethrafikhi.
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni izibambo zeminyango ukuze zisetshenziswe njalo, kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele. Ngokuvuleka nokuvala njalo, izibambo zeminyango zingaphansi kokuguga okukhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha izibambo ezihlala isikhathi eside, ezethembekile, nezinethezeka ukuzisebenzisa. Njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile ukuqonda izidingo zamakhasimende adinga izibambo ezingamelana nokusetshenziswa njalo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha izibambo zeminyango ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi ephezulu.
Ukuqina mhlawumbe kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ukhetha izibambo zeminyango ukuze zisetshenziswe njalo. Izibambo kumele zikwazi ukumelana nengcindezi engapheli kanye nobunzima bokusetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi ngosuku. Njengomkhiqizi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu njengensimbi engagqwali, ithusi, noma i-aluminium ezaziwa ngokuhlala isikhathi eside nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ukwengeza, izici ezifana nobukhulu besibambo kanye nekhwalithi yezinqubo ezingaphakathi kwesibambo zinganquma ukuthi sizohlala isikhathi esingakanani ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa njalo.
Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile yi-ergonomics yesibambo somnyango. Izibambo ezisetshenziswa njalo kufanele zikhululeke ukubamba futhi kube lula ukuzisebenzisa. Njengomkhiqizi, kubalulekile ukuklama izibambo ezine-ergonomic nezisebenziseka kalula. Lokhu kungafaka izici ezifana nokubamba okunethezekile, ukunyakaza okushelelayo nokulula, kanye nomumo olingana kahle esandleni. Amakhasimende asebenzisa izibambo njalo azozazisa izibambo ezilula futhi ezikhululekile ukuzisebenzisa.
Ngaphandle kokuqina kanye ne-ergonomics, kubalulekile ukucabangela isitayela nokuklama kwezibambo zomnyango. Nakuba ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kuwukusebenza, ukukhanga kobuhle nakho kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kuzilungiselelo zezentengiselwano lapho izibambo zomnyango zifaka isandla ekubukekeni okuphelele nokuzwakala kwesikhala. Njengomkhiqizi, kubalulekile ukunikeza izinhlobonhlobo zemiklamo kanye nokuqedwa ukuze kuhambisane nezintandokazi ezahlukene kanye nezitayela zangaphakathi. Imiklamo ye-Classic, engaphelelwa yisikhathi ngokuvamile iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sezindawo ezinabantu abaningi, njengoba mancane amathuba okuba ziphume ngesitayela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile ukunikeza izinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso. Amakhasimende anezidingo ezithile noma izintandokazi angase adinge izibambo zeminyango yangokwezifiso eziklanyelwe izidingo zabo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqedwa ngokwezifiso, osayizi, noma ezinye izici ezingatholakali kuzibambi zeminyango ezijwayelekile. Ukwazi ukunikeza izixazululo ngokwezifiso kungahlukanisa umakhi futhi kuhehe amakhasimende afuna izibambo zeminyango ezikhethekile ezindaweni zabo ezinethrafikhi ephezulu.
Okokugcina, njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile ukunikeza isevisi yamakhasimende enhle kakhulu nokusekelwa. Amakhasimende akhetha izibambo zeminyango ukuze asetshenziswe njalo angase abe nemibuzo ethile noma ukukhathazeka, futhi kubalulekile ukukwazi ukunikeza isiqondiso nosizo phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha nokufaka. Lokhu kungasiza ukwakha ukwethembana nokwethembeka kumakhasimende, okuholela ekuphindeni ibhizinisi kanye nokudluliselwa okuhle.
Sengiphetha, ukukhetha izibambo zeminyango ukuze zisetshenziswe njalo kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezinto ezinjengokuqina, i-ergonomics, isitayela, nezinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso. Njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, ukuqonda nokubhekana nalezi zici kungasiza ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zamakhasimende adinga izibambo zeminyango eziqinile, ezithembekile, nezinethezekile ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi ephezulu. Ngokunikeza izibambo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, eziklanywe kahle kanye nenkonzo yamakhasimende enhle kakhulu, abakhiqizi bangazimisa njengabaholi embonini.
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni izibambo zeminyango ezingamelana nokusetshenziswa njalo, izinto zokwakha kanye nokuqeda okusetshenziselwa ukwakha kwazo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuqina kwazo. Njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinketho ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo kanye nezici ezifaka isandla ekusebenzeni okuhlala isikhathi eside. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinto ezahlukene kanye nokuqeda okufanelekile ekudaleni izibambo zeminyango ezingamelana nobunzima bokusetshenziswa njalo.
Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezibambo zomnyango yinsimbi engagqwali. Eyaziwa ngamandla ayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, insimbi engagqwali iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu sezibambo zeminyango ezizosetshenziswa njalo. Ukuqina kwayo kuyenza ilungele izindawo ezinabantu abaningi njengezakhiwo zezentengiselwano, izindawo zamahhovisi nezindawo zomphakathi. Izibambo zeminyango yensimbi engagqwali nazo zilula ukuzihlanza nokuzinakekela, okuzenza zibe yisinqumo esisebenzayo nesihlala isikhathi eside kunoma yisiphi isicelo.
Enye impahla esetshenziswa kabanzi ukuqina kwayo ithusi. Izibambo zeminyango yethusi azinamandla kuphela futhi ziqinile, kodwa futhi zinikeza ukubukeka okungapheli nokujwayelekile okungahambisana nezitayela ezihlukahlukene zokuklama. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokugcinwa kahle, izibambo zeminyango yethusi zingahlala amashumi eminyaka, okwenza kube yisinqumo esithandwayo kuzo zombili izilungiselelo zokuhlala nezokuhweba.
Ngaphezu kwempahla esetshenzisiwe, isiphetho sesibambo somnyango siphinde sibe nendima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuqina kwaso. Kubakhiqizi bezibambo zeminyango, kubalulekile ukunikela ngezinhlobonhlobo zokuqeda ezingagcini nje ukuthuthukisa ukukhanga kobuhle bezibambo kodwa futhi zinikeze isivikelo esihlala isikhathi eside ekugugekeni nasekudabukeni.
Esinye isiphetho esidumile sezibambo zeminyango i-satin nickel. Lokhu kuqedwa akugcini nje ngokungeza ukubukeka okucacile nesimanje ezibanjeni kodwa futhi kunikeza ungqimba oluvikelayo olusiza ukuvimbela ukugqwala nokungcoliswa. Izibambo zeminyango ye-Satin nickel ziyinketho ethandwayo ezindlini zanamuhla nezindawo zokuhweba ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kanye nezidingo zokulondolozwa okuphansi.
Ukuze uthole ukubukeka kwendabuko okwengeziwe, ithusi lakudala noma ukuqedwa kwe-bronze okugcotshwe ngamafutha kuyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu. Lezi ziqephu azigcini nje ngokungeza ukuthinta okuyinkimbinkimbi kuzibambo zeminyango kodwa futhi zinikeza isendlalelo esiqinile sokuzivikela esizisiza ukuthi zimelane nokusetshenziswa njalo. Izibambo zezicabha zethusi ezigcotshwe ngamafutha zasendulo zivame ukuthandwa ngenxa yekhono lazo lokufihla izigxivizo zeminwe nama-smudges, okuzenza kube ukukhetha okusebenzayo ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.
Ekuphetheni, njengomkhiqizi wesibambo somnyango, kubalulekile ukunikeza uhla lwezinto zokwakha kanye nokuqedwa okunikeza ukuqina okuhlala isikhathi eside. Insimbi engagqwali nethusi kuyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha izibambo zezicabha, kuyilapho ukuqedwa okufana ne-satin nickel, ithusi lakudala, kanye nethusi eligcotshwe ngamafutha kungathuthukisa kokubili ukukhanga kobuhle nokuqina kwezibambo. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kwezinto zokwakha kanye nokuqedwa, abakhiqizi bangakha izibambo zeminyango ezingamelana nobunzima bokusetshenziswa njalo futhi zinikeze ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside kumakhasimende abo.
Lapho ukhetha izibambo zeminyango ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi enkulu, kubalulekile ukukhetha eziqinile, ezithembekile, nezingakwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa njalo. Yilapho abakhiqizi bezibambo zeminyango bedlala khona indima ebalulekile, njengoba beklama futhi bekhiqiza izibambo ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zezindawo zethrafikhi esindayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezici zokuklama okufanele uzibheke kuzibambo zeminyango yethrafikhi ephezulu, nokuthi abakhiqizi bezibambo zeminyango badlala kanjani indima ebalulekile ekunikezeni izixazululo zalesi sidingo.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokuklama okufanele uzibheke ezibambo zeminyango yethrafikhi ukuqina. Abakhiqizi bezibambo zomnyango bagxila ekudaleni izibambo ezakhiwe kusetshenziswa izinto eziqinile njengensimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium, noma ithusi. Lezi zinto ziyaziwa ngamandla azo kanye nekhono lokumelana nokuguga, okuzenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi yezinyawo eziphakeme. Ukwengeza, abakhiqizi bangase basebenzise amasu okukhiqiza athuthukile njengokusakazwa okunembayo noma ukwenza imishini ye-CNC ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izibambo zakhelwe ukuhlala.
Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe ukuklama kwesibambo ngokwaso. Izibambo zeminyango yethrafikhi ephezulu kufanele zakhelwe ngokwe-ergonomically ukuze zisetshenziswe ngokunethezeka nokubamba kalula. Abakhiqizi bavame ukucabangela ukwakheka, usayizi, kanye nokuthungwa kwesibambo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi sisebenziseka kalula futhi singasetshenziswa kalula yinhlobonhlobo yabantu ngabanye. Imiphetho ebushelelezi, amakhona ayindilinga, nezici ezimelene nokushelela zivame ukufakwa ekwakhiweni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ulwazi olunzulu ngomsebenzisi.
Ngaphezu kokuqina nokwakheka kwe-ergonomic, izibambo zeminyango yethrafikhi ephezulu kufanele futhi zihlanganise izici ezithuthukisa ukuphepha nokusebenza. Isibonelo, abakhiqizi bangase bafake izici ezifana nezikulufu ezinqanda ukuphazamisa, izindlela zangaphakathi eziqinisiwe, namasistimu okukhiya athuthukile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi. Izici ezisebenzayo ezifana nokunakekela okulula, ukunciphisa umsindo, nokuthobela i-ADA nakho kuyacatshangelwa phakathi nenqubo yokuklama ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zezindawo ezinethrafikhi ephezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi bezibambo zeminyango bayaqonda ukubaluleka kobuhle kuzilungiselelo zezentengiso futhi banikela ngezinhlobonhlobo zokuqedwa nezitayela ukuhambisana nemiklamo ehlukahlukene yezakhiwo. Ukuqedwa okumbozwe ngempushana, i-nickel ebhulashiwe, i-chrome epholishiwe, nezinye izinketho zokuhlobisa kuvame ukutholakala ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngaphandle komthungo nokuhlobisa kwendawo yonke.
Sengiphetha, lapho ukhetha izibambo zeminyango yezindawo ezinethrafikhi ephezulu, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zedizayini ezifaka isandla ekuqineni kwazo, i-ergonomics, ukuphepha, ukusebenza, kanye nobuhle. Abakhiqizi bezibambo zeminyango badlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nalezi zindlela zokunquma ngokusebenzisa izinto ezithuthukisiwe, ubunjiniyela obunembayo, kanye nemiklamo emisha ukuze bakhe izibambo ezingakwazi ukumelana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokukhetha izibambo zeminyango kubakhiqizi abahloniphekile ababeka lezi zici ezibalulekile kuqala, amabhizinisi nezikhungo zingaqinisekisa ukuthi izindawo zabo ezinethrafikhi ephezulu zihlonyiswe ngezibambo ezithembekile, ezihlala isikhathi eside, futhi ezihlinzeka ngolwazi oluhle lomsebenzisi.
Izibambo zeminyango ziyisici esibalulekile sanoma yisiphi isakhiwo, kungaba yindlu, ihhovisi, noma isikhungo sezentengiselwano. Zisetshenziswa kaningi usuku lonke, futhi ngenxa yalokho, zingaguga kalula futhi zilimale ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile ukucabangela hhayi kuphela ikhwalithi yokuqala nokuqina kwezibambo ozikhiqizayo, kodwa futhi namathiphu okugcina angasiza ukuwagcina esesimweni esiphezulu iminyaka ezayo.
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni izibambo zeminyango ezingamelana nokusetshenziswa njalo, kunezici eziningana okufanele zicatshangelwe. Okokuqala, impahla yesibambo ibalulekile. Kufanele iqine, iqine, futhi imelane nokuguga. Insimbi engagqwali, ithusi, ne-aluminium yizo zonke izinketho ezinhle kakhulu zezinto zokubamba iminyango, ngoba aziqinile nje kuphela futhi zihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi zimelana nokugqwala nokugqwala.
Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile ukuklama nokwakhiwa kwesibambo somnyango. Izibambo ezinokwakheka okuqinile, okuqinile kanye nedizayini ebushelelezi, e-ergonomic maningi amathuba okuba zimelane nokusetshenziswa njalo kunezibambo ezintekenteke, ezingakhiwe kahle. Bheka izibambo ezinezikulufu eziqinisiwe nezindlela eziqinile zangaphakathi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ziyakwazi ukubhekana nokuguga kwansuku zonke ezizobhekana nazo.
Uma usukhethe izibambo zezicabha zekhwalithi ephezulu zesakhiwo sakho, isinyathelo esilandelayo siwukuqinisekisa ukuthi zigcinwa ngendlela efanele ukuze uzigcine zisezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuhlanza njalo kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kokungcola, ukungcola, namafutha, okungeke kwenze izibambo zibukeke zigugile futhi zingcolile, kodwa futhi kubangele ukuthi zingasebenzi kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sebenzisa insipho ethambile namanzi ukuhlanza izibambo, futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa izihlanzi zamakhemikhali ezinokhahlo ezingalimaza isiphetho.
Ngaphezu kokuhlanza okuvamile, kubalulekile ukwenza ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kuzibambo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukuqinisa izikulufu ezixegayo, ukugcoba izinto zangaphakathi, nokuhlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguga noma zokulimala. Ngokulungisa noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha, ungazivikela ekukhuleni zibe izinkinga ezinkulu ezingadinga ukulungiswa okumba eqolo noma ukushintshwa.
Njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza amakhasimende akho isiqondiso sendlela yokunakekela kahle izibambo ozinikezayo. Cabangela ukufaka umhlahlandlela wokunakekela onesethi ngayinye yezibambo, echaza izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuhlanza nokugcina. Lokhu kungasiza amakhasimende akho agcine izibambo zawo zeminyango zisesimweni esiphezulu isikhathi eside, futhi kubonise ukuzibophezela kwakho ekunikezeni imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu, ehlala isikhathi eside.
Sengiphetha, ukukhetha izibambo zeminyango ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezingamelana nokusetshenziswa njalo kubalulekile kunoma yisiphi isakhiwo. Njengomkhiqizi wezibambo zomnyango, kubalulekile ukucabangela impahla, idizayini, nokwakhiwa kwezibambo ozikhiqizayo, kanye nokunikeza isiqondiso kumathiphu okunakekela ukuze uzigcine zisesimweni esiphezulu. Ngokukhetha izibambo ezihlala isikhathi eside, ezakhiwe kahle nangokulandela isimiso esivamile sokunakekela, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi izibambo zesakhiwo sakho zizoqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela efanele iminyaka eminingi ezayo.
Sengiphetha, uma kuziwa ekukhetheni izibambo zeminyango ezingamelana nokusetshenziswa njalo, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezifana nempahla, ukwakheka, nokusebenza. Ngesipiliyoni seminyaka engama-31 embonini, inkampani yethu inolwazi nobungcweti bokukusiza wenze ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kwezidingo zakho ezithile. Ngokucabangela ukuqina kanye nekhwalithi yezibambo zomnyango, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi zizomelana nesikhathi futhi ziqhubeke nokusebenza ngempumelelo, ngisho nokusetshenziswa njalo. Ithimba lethu lizinikele ekunikezeni amakhasimende ethu izibambo zezicabha zekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu ezakhelwe ukuhlala, ukuze ube nokuthula kwengqondo ngokwazi ukuthi utshalomali lwakho luzokhokha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yenza ukukhetha okufanele ngokukhetha izibambo zeminyango enkampanini ehlonishwayo nenolwazi njengeyethu.