Aosite, kuba 1993
Ngaba iikhabhathi zakho zasekhitshini azivalwanga kakuhle okanye azilingani? Ukuba kunjalo, kusenokuba lixesha lokulungelelanisa iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yakho yekhitshi. Kweli nqaku, siza kukuhamba ngenyathelo ngenyathelo lokulungisa iihenjisi zekhabhathi yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba zigudile kwaye zivale iikhabhathi zakho zasekhitshini. Nokuba uyi-DIYer enamava okanye usaqalayo, esi sikhokelo siya kukunceda ukuba ujongane nomcimbi oqhelekileyo wekhaya ngokulula. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ukwenza iikhabhathi zakho zasekhitshini zijonge kwaye zisebenze njengezintsha!
Iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhinethi yekhitshi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na ikhabhinethi yekhitshi, njengoko inoxanduva lokuvula kunye nokuvala iingcango zekhabhinethi. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wezi ngqangi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iikhabhinethi zakho zasekhitshini zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zigcinwa zikwimeko efanelekileyo. Kule nqaku, siza kuxubusha ngokubaluleka kokuqonda umsebenzi weehinge zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi, kunye nendlela yokuyilungisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle.
Okokuqala kunye nokuphambili, kubalulekile ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeehinge zecango zekhabhinethi yekhitshi ekhoyo kwiimarike. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeehenjisi, ezibandakanya iihenjisi ezifihliweyo, iihenjisi ezixhonywe phezulu, kunye neehenjisi ezizivala ngokwazo, nganye isebenzela injongo eyahlukileyo kwaye inika izibonelelo ezizodwa. Njengomthengi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nomthengisi wehenjisi othembekileyo okanye umenzi wehenjisi wekhabhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwehenjisi kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Iihenjisi ezifihliweyo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziihenjisi zaseYurophu, zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yembonakalo yazo yanamhlanje, njengoko zifakwe ngaphakathi komnyango wekhabhathi kwaye zingabonakali ngaphandle. Ezi hinges zilungelelaniswa kwaye zivumela uluhlu olubanzi lokuhamba, okwenza kube lula kwiikhabhinethi ezineengcango ezifakwe ngaphakathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iihinge ezifakwe phezulu zibonakala ngaphandle kwekhabhinethi kwaye zifanelekile kwiikhabhinethi ezineengcango ezigqithisiweyo. Ezi hinge zifumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokugqitywa kunye nezitayile, zizenza zibe lukhetho oluguquguqukayo loyilo olwahlukileyo lwekhitshi. Iihenjisi zokuzivala zenzelwe ukutsala ucango luvale ngokuzenzekelayo, olulungele iikhikhini ezixakekileyo apho iingcango zekhabhinethi zihlala zivulwa kwaye zivaliwe.
Nje ukuba ukhethe uhlobo olululo lwehenjisi kwiingcango zekhabhathi yakho yekhitshi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba uhlengahlengisa njani ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kakuhle nangokufanelekileyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iihenjisi zinokukhululeka okanye zingahambi kakuhle, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimiba enjengobunzima bokuvula nokuvala iingcango zekhabhinethi, okanye iingcango ezingahlali zigungxulwe nesakhelo sekhabhinethi. Ngokuqonda umsebenzi weehinge zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi, uya kuxhotyiswa ngakumbi ukuchonga xa uhlengahlengiso luyimfuneko kunye nendlela yokwenza ngayo.
Ukulungelelanisa iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhinethi yekhitshi, kuya kufuneka ufumane izikrufu zohlengahlengiso kwiihenjisi. Ezi zikrini zinokuqiniswa okanye zikhulule ukutshintsha indawo yomnyango ngokubhekiselele kwisakhelo sekhabhinethi. Ngokuguqula ezi zikrufu, unokuhlengahlengisa ubude, ubunzulu, kunye necala ukuya kwicala lokuma komnyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulungelelaniswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye usebenza kakuhle. Kubalulekile ukwenza uhlengahlengiso oluncinci kwaye uvavanye umnyango emva kohlengahlengiso ngalunye ukuze ugweme ukuqina okanye ukungahambi kakuhle.
Ukuqukumbela, ukuqonda umsebenzi weehenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yekhitshi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iikhabhathi zakho zasekhitshini zikwimeko efanelekileyo. Ngokusebenza nomthengisi wehenjisi othembekileyo okanye umenzi wehinge yekhabhinethi, unokukhetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwehenjisi kwiimfuno zakho ezithile kwaye uqinisekise ukuba lufakwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ngolu lwazi, uya kuxhotyiswa ukuba wenze uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko kwiihenjisi ukuze ugcine ukusebenza ngokutyibilikayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ingaba ungumnikazi wendlu okanye ingcali, ukuqonda umsebenzi weehenjisi zocango lwekhabhinethi yekhitshi kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kunye nobuhle beekhabhinethi zakho zekhitshi.
Iihenjisi zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na ikhabhinethi yekhitshi. Banikezela ngenkxaso kwaye bavumela iingcango ukuba zivuleke kwaye zivale kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi ngqangi zinokukhululeka okanye zingahambi kakuhle, ezinokubangela ubunzima ekuvuleni okanye ekuvaleni iingcango zekhabhinethi. Ukuchonga xa iihenjisi zifuna ukulungiswa kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iingcango zakho zekhabhathi yekhitshi zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha iimpawu ezibonisa xa iihenjisi zifuna ukulungiswa size sinikele namacebiso ngendlela yokuyilungisa.
Enye yeempawu zokuqala zokuba iihenjisi zekhabhathi yekhitshi yakho zifuna ukulungiswa kukuba iingcango azivalwanga kakuhle. Ukuba uqaphela ukuba iingcango azihambelani ngokufanelekileyo okanye zingavalwanga yonke indlela, oku kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iihinge kufuneka zilungiswe. Olunye uphawu kukuba iingcango ziyakhuhla okanye zenza ingxolo xa zivula okanye zivala. Oku kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iihenjisi azihambelani ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kufuneka zilungiswe.
Ukongeza, ukuba uqaphela ukuba iingcango zekhabhinethi azihlali zivulekile okanye zivula okanye zivaliwe ngokwazo, oku kubonisa ukuba iihinge zifuna ukulungiswa. Oku kunokuba yingozi yokhuseleko, njengoko iingcango zinokuthi zivale ngokungalindelekanga, ezinokubangela ukwenzakala. Kubalulekile ukujongana nalo mbandela ngokukhawuleza ngokulungisa iihenjisi.
Ukulungelelanisa iihenjisi zomnyango wekhabhathi yekhitshi yinkqubo elula enokuthi yenziwe ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nolwazi oluncinci. Inyathelo lokuqala kukuchonga uhlobo lwehenjisi esetyenziswayo. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeehenjisi, ezibandakanya iihenjisi ezifihliweyo, iihenjisi ezixhonywe phezulu, kunye neehenjisi zaseYurophu, nganye kuzo ifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zohlengahlengiso.
Lwakuba luchongiwe uhlobo lwehenjisi, inyathelo elilandelayo kukuvavanya ingxaki. Ukuba iingcango azivalwanga kakuhle, iihenjisi zingadinga ukulungiswa ngokuthe nkqo okanye ngokuthe tye. Ukuba iingcango ziyakhuhla okanye zenza ingxolo, iihenjisi zingadinga ukulungiswa ukuze zisuswe. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuqinisa okanye ukukhulula izikhonkwane kwiihenjisi okanye ngokulungelelanisa indawo yeehenjisi kumnyango wekhabhinethi okanye isakhelo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukulungiswa kweehenjisi kufuna ukuchaneka kunye nomonde. Kubalulekile ukwenza uhlengahlengiso oluncinci kwaye uvavanye iingcango rhoqo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Kusenokuba yimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-shims okanye i-spacers ukufezekisa ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga malunga nendlela yokulungelelanisa iihenjisi, kungcono ukubonisana nochwepheshe okanye umthengisi weehenjisi ukuze ufumane isikhokelo.
Ukuqukumbela, ukuchonga xa iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yekhitshi zifuna ukulungiswa kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kweekhabhathi zakho. Iimpawu ezibonisa imfuneko yohlengahlengiso ziquka iingcango ezingavaleki kakuhle, ezikhuhlayo okanye ezibangela ingxolo, okanye ezingahlali zivuliwe. Ukulungelelanisa iihenjisi kufuna ukuqonda uhlobo lwehenjisi esetyenziswayo kunye nengxaki efuna ukulungiswa. Ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokukwazi, ukulungisa iihinge zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi kunokuba yindlela elula nesebenzayo yokuqinisekisa ukuba iikhabhinethi zakho zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukulungelelanisa iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yekhitshi sisakhono esibalulekileyo kuye nawuphi na umninikhaya okanye umthandi we-DIY. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iingcango zekhabhinethi ziyakwazi ukungahambi kakuhle, zibangele ukuba zingavali kakuhle okanye zihlale ngokungalingani. Ngethamsanqa, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo, ukulungelelanisa iihinge zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi ngumsebenzi ochanekileyo onokugqitywa ngamanyathelo ambalwa nje.
Ngaphambi kokuqala naluphi na uhlengahlengiso, kubalulekile ukuqokelela izixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo. Ukulungelelanisa iihenjisi zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi, uya kufuna i-screwdriver, i-wrench ehlengahlengiswayo, i-drill, i-tape measure, kunye neehenjisi ezinokuthi mhlawumbi zonakaliswe okanye zingasebenzi.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekulungiseni iihenjisi zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi kukuvavanya imeko yangoku yeehenjisi. Khangela nawuphi na umonakalo obonakalayo okanye iimpawu zokuguga. Ukuba iihenjisi ezikhoyo zikwimeko entle, unokukwazi ukuzilungisa ngokulula ukusombulula nayiphi na imiba yolungelelwaniso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iihenjisi zonakalisiwe okanye zingasebenzi kakuhle, kunokufuneka ukuba zitshintshele ezintsha.
Ukuba iihenjisi ezitshintshileyo ziyafuneka, kubalulekile ukuba uzifumane kumthengisi othembekileyo wehenjisi okanye umenzi wehenjisi wekhabhathi. Jonga iihenjisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihlala ixesha elide kwaye zakhelwe ukuhlala. Ukukhetha iihenjisi ezithembekileyo kumthengisi othembekileyo uya kuqinisekisa ukuba iingcango zakho zekhabhinethi ziyasebenza kwaye zikhuselekile kwiminyaka ezayo.
Emva kokuba unezixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo, ungaqala inkqubo yokulungelelanisa iihinge zomnyango wekhabhinethi. Qala ngokukhulula izikrufu kwiihenjisi usebenzisa i-screwdriver okanye i-wrench adjustable. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ubeke kwakhona ama-hinges kwaye wenze naluphi na uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko kukulungelelaniswa komnyango.
Ukusebenzisa iteyiphu yokulinganisa, ulinganise ngokucophelela umgama phakathi kwemida yomnyango wekhabhinethi kunye nesakhelo sekhabhinethi. Ukuba umnyango awuhlali ngokulinganayo okanye awuvalwanga kakuhle, unokufuna ukulungelelanisa indawo yeehinge ukulungisa ulungelelwaniso.
Emva kokwenza uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko, qinisa i-screws kwiihinge ukuze uzikhusele kwindawo yazo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba iihenjisi ziqiniswe ngokukhuselekileyo ukukhusela naluphi na ulungelelwaniso olungakumbi okanye imiba ngeengcango zekhabhinethi.
Ukuba iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhinethi azikasebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, kunokufuneka ukuba kuqwalaselwe ukutshintshwa kwazo ngeehenjisi ezintsha. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukukhetha iihinge ezivela kumenzi we-hinge wekhabhinethi ohloniphekileyo ojongene nomgangatho ophezulu, iimveliso ezithembekileyo. Ngokukhetha iihenjisi kumenzi othembekileyo, unokuqiniseka ukuba iingcango zakho zekhabhinethi ziya kusebenza ngokutyibilikayo nangokukhuselekileyo.
Ukuqukumbela, ukulungelelanisa iingcingo zomnyango wekhabhinethi yekhitshi ngumsebenzi olula onokugqitywa ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo. Ngokulandela la manyathelo kunye nokusebenzisa iihenjisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukusuka kumthengisi othembekileyo okanye umenzi, unokuqinisekisa ukuba iingcango zakho zekhabhinethi zilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa, iingcango zakho zekhabhathi yekhitshi ziya kuqhubeka nokusebenza kakuhle kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ukuba ufumana ubunzima kunye neengcango zekhabhinethi yakho yekhitshi ayivalwanga kakuhle okanye ingalungiswanga kakuhle, kusenokuba lixesha lokulungisa iihenjisi. Esi sikhokelo senyathelo ngenyathelo siya kukuhamba kwinkqubo yokulungelelanisa iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yekhitshi, ikuvumela ukuba ulungise nayiphi na imiba kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iikhabhinethi zakho zijongeka kwaye zisebenza kakuhle.
Inyathelo 1: Qokelela izixhobo zakho
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulungelelanisa iihenjisi, kubalulekile ukuqokelela izixhobo eziyimfuneko. Uya kufuna isikrudrayiva, ngokukhethekileyo esinentloko ehambelana nezikrufu kwiihenjisi zekhabhathi yakho. Ukongezelela, ukuba nomncedisi kunokwenza inkqubo ibe lula, njengoko banokubamba ucango endaweni ngelixa uhlengahlengisa.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Chonga umba
Inyathelo lokuqala lokulungelelanisa iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yakho yekhitshi kukuchonga umba. Ngaba umnyango awuvalwanga kakuhle, okanye ulungelelaniswe kakuhle nesakhelo sekhabhinethi? Ukuqonda ingxaki ethile kuya kukunceda wazi ukuba loluphi uhlengahlengiso ekufuneka lwenziwe.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Khulula izikrufu
Nje ukuba uchonge umba, sebenzisa i-screwdriver yakho ukukhulula izikrufu kwiihenjisi. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba wenze uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko ngaphandle kokunyanzela nantoni na.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Yenza uhlengahlengiso
Ngokukhulula izikrufu, ngoku unokwenza uhlengahlengiso olufunekayo kwiihenjisi. Ukuba ucango alulungelelaniswanga kakuhle, unokufuna ukubeka kwakhona iihenjisi kancinci ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ucango luhlala lugungxulwe nesakhelo sekhabhathi. Ukuba umnyango awuvalwanga kakuhle, unokufuna ukulungelelanisa ubude okanye ubunzulu beehinge ukuvumela ukulungelelaniswa okungcono.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Qinisa izikrufu
Emva kokwenza uhlengahlengiso lwakho, kubalulekile ukuqinisa izikrufu endaweni. Oku kuya kukhusela iihenjisi kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uhlengahlengiso lwakho lubambe.
Inyathelo lesi-6: Vavanya ucango
Nje ukuba iihenjisi ziqinisiwe, vavanya umnyango ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ngoku uvale ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uhlala ugungxulwe nesakhelo sekhabhathi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yenza uhlengahlengiso olungakumbi de ucango lusebenze ngendlela ebelufanele lusebenze ngayo.
Ngokulandela la manyathelo, unokuhlengahlengisa ngokulula iihenjisi kwiingcango zekhabhathi yakho yekhitshi ukulungisa nayiphi na imiba kwaye uqinisekise ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba iihenjisi zakho zonakele okanye zigugile kwaye zifuna ukutshintshwa, cinga ngokufikelela kumnikezeli wehenjisi ohloniphekileyo okanye umenzi wehenjisi wekhabhathi ukuze utshintshe umgangatho. Ukunyuselwa kwiihenjisi ezintsha, ezikumgangatho ophezulu azinako ukusombulula nayiphi na imiba kuphela kodwa nokuphucula inkangeleko epheleleyo kunye nomsebenzi weekhabhathi zakho zasekhitshini.
Iihenjisi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeekhabhinethi zasekhitshini njengoko ziqinisekisa ukuba iingcango zivula kwaye zivale ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, iihenjisi zinokukhululeka okanye zingahambi kakuhle, okukhokelela ekubeni iingcango zingavali kakuhle okanye kube nzima ukuzivula. Kweli nqaku, siza kubonelela ngeengcebiso zokugcina iihenjisi ezilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingcango zakho zekhabhathi yekhitshi zisebenza kakuhle.
Okokuqala nokuphambili, kubalulekile ukutyalomali kwiihenjisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezivela kumthengisi othembekileyo. Iihenjisi ezingabizi kakhulu, ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokuthi zingahambi kakuhle okanye zikhululeke ekuhambeni kwexesha, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimiba yokusebenza kweengcango zekhabhathi yakho. Khangela umthengisi othembekileyo we-hinge okanye umenzi we-hinge wekhabhinethi onikezela ngokuzinzileyo, iihenjisi ezenziwe kakuhle ezenzelwe ukumelana nokuguga kunye nokukrazula kokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke.
Nje ukuba ufake iihenjisi ezisemgangathweni kwiikhabhathi zakho zasekhitshini, kubalulekile ukuba uzihlole rhoqo kwaye uzigcine ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihlala zilungelelaniswe kakuhle. Omnye wemiba eqhelekileyo ngeehenjisi kukuba zinokukhululeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuthintela oku, jonga rhoqo izikrufu ezibambe iihenjisi endaweni kwaye uziqinise xa kuyimfuneko. I-screws evulekileyo inokubangela ukuba i-hinges ibe yinto engafanelekanga kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza kweengcango zekhabhinethi.
Ukuba uyaqaphela ukuba iingcango zekhabhinethi yakho ayivalwanga kakuhle, kusenokuba lixesha lokulungelelanisa iihenjisi. Uninzi lweehenjisi zinezikrufu zohlengahlengiso ezikuvumela ukuba ulungise kakuhle indawo yocango. Ngokujika ezi zikrufu, ungasusa ucango phezulu, ezantsi, ekhohlo, okanye ekunene ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nesakhelo sekhabhathi. Thatha ixesha lakho xa usenza olu hlengahlengiso, njengoko utshintsho oluncinane lunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kwindlela olusebenza ngayo ucango.
Ukongeza ukulungelelanisa indawo yeengcango, kubalulekile ukujonga ukulungelelaniswa kweehinge ngokwazo. Ukuba iihenjisi azihambelani ngokufanelekileyo, zinokubangela ukuba iingcango zingalingani okanye zixutywe kwisakhelo sekhabhinethi. Sebenzisa inqanaba ukuze uqinisekise ukuba iihenjisi zithe tye kwaye zihambelana enye kwenye. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokukhulula izikhonkwane ezibambe iihenjisi endaweni kwaye uzibeke kwakhona ukuze uqinisekise ukuba zihambelana ngokufanelekileyo.
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukugcina iihenjisi zicocekile kwaye zithanjiswe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, uthuli kunye nobutyobo bunokwakheka kwiihenjisi, kubangele ukuba baqine okanye kube nzima ukuhamba. Ukucoca rhoqo iihenjisi ngebrashi ethambileyo okanye ilaphu ukususa nabuphi na ubumdaka okanye ubumdaka. Ukongezelela, ungasebenzisa i-lubricant esekelwe kwi-silicone ukugcina iihenjisi zihamba ngokukhululekileyo.
Ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso zokugcina iihenjisi ezilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo, unokuqinisekisa ukuba iingcango zakho zekhabhathi yekhitshi ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokutyibilikayo nangokusebenza nzima. Utyalo-mali kwiihenjisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezivela kumthengisi othembekileyo kwaye uthathe ixesha lokuzihlola rhoqo kwaye uzigcine kuya kunceda ukwandisa ubomi beengcango zekhabhathi yakho kwaye uzigcine zijonge kwaye zisebenza ngokusemandleni abo.
Ukuqukumbela, ukulungisa iihenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yekhitshi ngumsebenzi olula onokwenza umahluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kunye nokubonakala kwekhitshi lakho. Ngokulandela amanyathelo achazwe kweli nqaku, unokwenza lula uhlengahlengiso kwiihenjisi zocango lwekhabhathi yakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 yamava kushishino, siye sabona kuqala impembelelo yokuba iihenjisi ezigcinwe kakuhle zinokuba nazo ekhitshini. Ke, ungalibazisi ukuthatha le projekthi incinci kwaye ubone impembelelo enkulu enokuyenza ekhitshini lakho!