Ngokuqubuka kaningi kobhubhane olusha lwecrown, sekuphenduke iqiniso elingaguquki ukuthi umnotho womhlaba uzoqhubeka nokwehla esikhathini esifushane. Imiyalo yebhizinisi iqhubekile nokuncipha, izimboni zehliswa ngamanani amakhulu, namandla okusebenzisa abantu aqhubeka nokwehla, okwenza imboni yezindlu, eyayivele isengozini yokuwa, okubi nakakhulu, futhi iseduze nokuwa. Yonke imboni yezinto zokwakha zasekhaya ibe nomthelela omkhulu.

Akugcini lapho, uHuawei, umfowethu omkhulu embonini yezokuxhumana, ehlobene kakhulu nempilo yabantu yansuku zonke, unamandla aqinile ezezimali kanye nezobuchwepheshe, futhi useqalile nokulungiselela ubusika ngaphansi kwemiyalo kaMnu. Ren.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isishintshile ukucabanga kanye nenqubomgomo yebhizinisi, futhi yasuka ekulandeleni izinga yaya ekuphishekeleni inzuzo nokuphuma kwemali, ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi izosinda kule nkinga eminyakeni emithathu ezayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusinda kuwuhlelo oluyinhloko, futhi amabhizinisi asemaphethelweni ayancipha futhi avalwe yonke indawo, adlulisele ukupholile kuwo wonke umuntu.

"Iminyaka emithathu", njengenkathi yokwenza inzuzo yebhizinisi, kubonakala sengathi idlule ngokuphazima kweso. Uma kuthathwa njengesikhathi sokwenza ukulahlekelwa, kuzoba igebe elingenakuxazululeka kumabhizinisi amaningi okukhiqiza anenzuzo ephansi. Indlela yokuphila eminyakeni emithathu ezayo, ngisho nangekhwalithi, isiphenduke umbuzo okufanele wonke umholi webhizinisi acabange ngokujulile ngawo.

Ukuqina namandla-umphakathi wamabhizinisi waseBrithani unethemba ngamathemba ezomnotho waseShayina(2)

I-British Directors Association yasungulwa ngo-1903 futhi ingenye yezinhlangano zebhizinisi ezihlonishwa kakhulu e-UK. UJohn McLean, usihlalo omusha wegatsha laseLondon leBhodi labaqondisi baseBrithani, uthe imakethe yaseShayina ibaluleke kakhulu ezinkampanini zaseBrithani futhi ukholelwa ukuthi izinhlangothi zombili zizoqinisa ukubambisana ezindaweni eziningi.

UMcLean uthe njengoba iBrithani ishiya i-European Union, izinkampani zaseBrithani zidinga "ukubheka empumalanga." Umnotho waseShayina uyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi kunamaqembu abathengi abasezingeni eliphakathi, okukhanga kakhulu izinkampani zaseBrithani. Ngokululama kancane kancane kwemboni yezokuvakasha obhubhaneni olusha lwemiqhele kanye nokwanda kancane kancane kokuhwebelana kwabasebenzi, i-UK ne-China zizoqhubeka nokuqinisa ukubambisana kwezomnotho.

Ekhuluma ngezindawo ezingaba khona ukubambisana phakathi kweBrithani neChina, uMcLean uthe la mazwe womabili anamathuba abanzi okubambisana emkhakheni wezezimali womhlaba wonke nokusungula izinto ezintsha, imboni eluhlaza kanye nemvelo, kanye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

UWilliam Russell, imeya yeDolobha laseLondon, uthe engxoxweni ukuthi iDolobha laseLondon libheke ngabomvu ukugcina ubudlelwano obuqinile nezikhungo zaseShayina ezifanele kanye nokukhuthaza ngokubambisana ukubambisana kwezezimali.

Ekhuluma ngemboni yezezimali yaseChina evuleleka kakhulu, uRussell uthe lezi yizindaba ezinhle. “Siyethemba ukuthi njengoba umnyango (ovulayo) uvuleka ngokuya uba banzi, sizoqhubeka nokubambisana neChina. Siyethemba ukuthi izinkampani eziningi zezimali zaseChina zizofika eLondon zizosungula amahhovisi."

Imithombo yegesi idlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini ehlukahlukene, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusezihlalweni zasehhovisi noma imishini esindayo. Lawa madivaysi ahlakaniphile asebenzisa igesi ye-nitrogen ecindezelwe ukukhiqiza amandla nokusiza ekuhambeni kwezingxenye zemishini ehlukene. Kulesi sihloko esibanzi, sizocubungula ukusebenza kweziphethu zegesi, okuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwazo, izingxenye zayo, kanye nemisebenzi yazo.

Ukwakhiwa kweGas Springs

Ukwakhiwa kweziphethu zegesi kuqondile, okuhlanganisa isilinda esigcwele igesi ye-nitrogen, i-piston rod, ne-piston. Ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza, isilinda singenziwa ngensimbi engagqwali, ipulasitiki, noma i-aluminium, futhi ivalwe ngokuvikelekile. I-piston rod ifakwa kusilinda, i-piston ifakwe ekugcineni kwayo. I-piston ifakwe i-valve elawula ukuhamba kwegesi ye-nitrogen phakathi kwe-cylinder ne-piston.

Izingxenye zeGas Springs

Imithombo yegesi ngokuyinhloko incike ezintweni ezintathu ezinkulu: isilinda, induku yepiston, nepiston. Ngayinye yalezi zingxenye idlala indima ebalulekile emsebenzini jikelele wesiphethu segesi.

Isilinda: Isilinda sisebenza njengengxenye eyinhloko yesiphethu segesi, sifaka igesi yenitrogen futhi siyigcine ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zamasilinda, afana nalawo ensimbi engagqwali ezindawo ezonakalisayo noma ozakwabo be-aluminium ezisetshenziswa ezizwela isisindo, zisetshenziswa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile.

I-Piston Rod: Ukuxhuma ipiston kuyo yonke eminye imishini, induku yepiston ngokuvamile yenziwa ngensimbi engagqwali noma i-aluminium. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubude bayo bempilo futhi kuncishiswe ukungqubuzana, i-piston rod inganameka noma ipholishwe.

I-Piston: Ngokungangabazeki ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu, i-piston ilawula ukuhamba kwegesi ye-nitrogen phakathi kwesilinda ne-piston rod. Umklamo wayo uqinisekisa ukuthi isilinda sivaliwe, sivimbele noma yikuphi ukuvuza kwegesi. Ukwengeza, i-piston ingafakwa i-valve yokulungisa ukucindezela kwegesi, okwenza isiphethu segesi sikwazi ukuthwala imithwalo ehlukene.

Imisebenzi ye-Gas Springs

Imithombo yegesi yenza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini:

1. I-Force Generation: Lezi ziphethu zikhiqiza amandla okuphakamisa nokusekela imishini esindayo.

2. Ukulawula Ukunyakaza: Imithombo yegesi ilawula ukunyakaza kwezingxenye zemishini, njengezicabha nezivalo.

3. Ukunciphisa Ukudlidliza: Badambisa ukudlidliza kwemishini ngesikhathi sokusebenza, baqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle.

4. Ukuphepha: Ezisetshenziswa ezifana nezihlalo ezilungisekayo, iziphethu zegesi zivimbela ukunyakaza okungazelelwe nokungalindelekile okungase kubangele ukulimala kubaqhubi bemishini.

Indlela I-Gas Springs Esebenza Ngayo

Ukusebenza kwemithombo yegesi kulula kodwa kuyaphumelela. Lapho umthwalo usetshenziswa ku-piston rod, isusa i-piston ngaphakathi kwesilinda, icindezela igesi ye-nitrogen. Njengoba igesi icindezelwa, isebenzisa amandla ku-piston, ikhiqiza amandla. La mandla abe esedluliselwa ku-piston rod, kube lula ukunyakaza emshinini.

Lapho umthwalo ususiwe, igesi ecindezelwe iyakhula, ivumele i-piston ukuthi ibuyele endaweni yayo yokuqala. Le nqubo ye-cyclic iyaqhubeka inqobo nje uma umthwalo ukhona, okuholela ekunyakazeni kwemishini elawulwayo futhi engenamthungo.

Ukulungisa Imithombo Yegesi

Iziphethu zegesi zingalungiswa ukuze zikwazi ukuthwala imithwalo ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kulungiswa kwenziwa ngokuxhaphaza i-valve ngaphakathi kwepiston. Ngokushintsha i-valve, ingcindezi yegesi inganyuswa noma yehliswe, ekugcineni ithinte amandla akhiqizwa isiphethu segesi. Ukulungiswa kungenziwa ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuye ngohlelo oluthile.

Izinzuzo Gas Springs

Iziphethu zegesi zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi kunezinye izixazululo:

1. Ukuqina: Lezi ziphethu zihlangene ngosayizi futhi zingahlanganiswa kalula emishinini.

2. Ukuguquguquka: Imithombo yegesi iguquguquka kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zemishini.

3. Ukuqina: Yakhelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside, iziphethu zegesi zakhiwe ukuze zimelane nezindawo ezinokhahlo kanye nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

4. Ukunyakaza Okulawulwayo: Iziphethu zegesi zihlinzeka ngokunyakaza okulawulwayo, okubushelelezi, nokubikezelwayo, okuholela ekuphepheni okuthuthukisiwe nokunemba.

Iziphethu zegesi zinendima ebalulekile emishinini yesimanje, enikeza inqwaba yezinzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye izixazululo. Bakha amandla, benze lula ukunyakaza, banciphise ukudlidliza, futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zemishini ehlukahlukene. Ukuqonda ukwakhiwa, izingxenye, kanye nemisebenzi yeziphethu zegesi kubalulekile ekukhetheni inketho efaneleke kakhulu yohlelo olunikeziwe. Ngokuthuthuka kwezinto zokwakha nezindlela zokukhiqiza, iziphethu zegesi ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, zithembisa izixazululo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nezisebenzayo zekusasa.

Iziphethu zegesi, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-gas struts, ama-gas lifts, noma ama-gas shocks, asetshenziswa kakhulu kufenisha nasezinhlelweni zezimoto. Lawa madivaysi adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuvuleka nokuvalwa okushelelayo kwezindlela ngenkathi ihlinzeka ngokusekela imithwalo esindayo. Nakuba iziphethu zegesi zaziwa ngokwethembeka kwazo, zingahlangabezana nezinkinga ezifana namandla amakhulu noma ukuwohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuthi singalungisa kanjani iziphethu zegesi ngokuphumelelayo futhi sihlole izinkinga ezivamile.

Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko, kubalulekile ukukhomba nokuxilonga izinkinga eziyinkinga ngemithombo yegesi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze uthole isixazululo esingcono kakhulu futhi ugweme ukulungisa okungadingekile. Ezinye izinkinga ezivamile ngeziphethu zegesi zihlanganisa amandla anganele, amandla amakhulu, kanye nokuhlehla. Amandla anganele ayenzeka lapho isiphethu segesi sigcwele ngokweqile futhi singenawo amandla okuphakamisa nokusekela isisindo. Amandla amakhulu angaba yingozi yokuphepha njengoba engalimaza izinto ezisetshenziswayo noma abangele ukulimala. Ukuwohloka kungenzeka ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa noma ukuguga.

Ukulungisa iziphethu zegesi kuncike ekuphumeni kwazo kwamandla, okunganqunywa yizicaciso zomenzi noma ilebula enamathiselwe kusilinda. Ukuze unciphise amandla esiphethu segesi, qala ngokukhulula i-valve yokulungisa. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokusebenzisa ukujika okungu-1/8 ngesikrufu esilungisekayo. Ukukhulula i-valve kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegesi, kunciphisa amandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwandisa amandla, qinisa i-valve yokulungisa ngokusebenzisa i-clockwise 1/8 turn. Kubalulekile ukwenza ukulungisa okuncane nokuhlola ngaphambi kokuphinda inqubo.

I-sagging inkinga evamile ngeziphethu zegesi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuze ulungise ukuhlehla, amanye amadizayini entwasahlobo yegesi anephinikhodi elungisekayo kusilinda. Ungaqinisa leli phini usebenzisa i-Allen wrench. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ukhulisa ukungezwani kwentwasahlobo, unciphisa ukuwohloka. Ukwengeza, ungakwazi ukulungisa ubude besiphethu segesi ngokuyinweba kuze kufike ekwandiseni kwayo okuphelele, ukukhulula ingcindezi, bese ulinganisa futhi uyibuyisele kubude bangempela usebenzisa amapulangwe alungisekayo. Ubude be-stroke bungabuye bulungiswe ngokujikisa i-valve yokulawula ngokuphambene newashi ukuze unciphise ukushaywa noma ngokwewashi ukuze ukwandise.

Sengiphetha, kusobala ukuthi iziphethu zegesi ziyizingxenye ezinokwethenjelwa nezizuzisayo ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, kungase kudingeke ukulungiswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile noma kubhekwane nezinkinga ezifana nokuhlehla. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi futhi ufune usizo lochwepheshe lapho usebenza neziphethu zegesi ezinkulu noma ezinomfutho ophezulu. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kuqinisekisa ukuthi imithombo yegesi iyaqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngesevisi ethembekile neyongayo.

Iziphethu zegesi zidlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ziletha ukusebenza kahle nokungaguquguquki. Ikhono labo lokuhlinzeka ngokunyakaza okulawulwayo nokusekela imithwalo esindayo kubenza babaluleke kakhulu kufenisha nasezinhlelweni zezimoto. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kahle komnyango wekhabethe noma ukusebenza okuthembekile kwesigxobo semoto, imithombo yegesi iqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zindlela zisebenza kalula.

Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziphethu zegesi zingase zibe nezinkinga ezingathinta ukusebenza kwazo. Inkinga eyodwa evamile amandla anganele, lapho isiphethu sigcwala kakhulu futhi singakwazi ukuphakamisa nokusekela isisindo esasenzelwe sona. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni umshini wehluleke ukuvuleka ngokugcwele noma uzabalaze ngaphansi komthwalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amandla eqile angaba yinkinga ngokulinganayo, angabangela umonakalo ezintweni noma abangele ingozi yokulimala.

Olunye udaba olungase luphakame ngeziphethu zegesi ukuwohloka. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa noma ukuguga. Ukusageka kungabangela iminyango noma izivalo ukuthi zilenge ngaphansi kwalokho okufunayo, okuphazamisa ukusebenza nobuhle.

Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga ngokuphumelelayo, kubalulekile ukuxilonga inkinga ngendlela efanele. Ukuqonda imbangela eyisisekelo kuvumela ukulungiswa okuhlosiwe okubuyisela ukusebenza okuhle. Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko, kubalulekile ukubhekisela kumininingwane nemihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngokuphephile futhi ngaphakathi kwemingcele enconyiwe.

Ukunciphisa amandla okukhipha isiphethu segesi, i-valve yokulungisa kufanele ithukululwe kancane. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokusebenzisa ngokucophelela ukujika okungu-1/8 ngokuphambene newashi ngesikrufu esilungisekayo. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ukuhamba kwegesi kuncipha, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhulisa amandla okukhipha amandla, ukuqiniswa okungu-1/8 ngokwewashi kwe-valve yokulungisa kuyadingeka. Kubalulekile ukwenza izinguquko ezincane ngesikhathi futhi uhlole indlela ngaphambi kokuphinda inqubo. Lokhu kuvumela ukucushwa kahle futhi kugweme ukunxeshezelwa ngokweqile, okungaholela kwezinye izinkinga.

Ukucwila eziphethwini zegesi kuvame ukuxazululwa ngokulungisa ukushuba kwesimo. Eminye imiklamo yesiphethu segesi ifaka iphinikhodi elungisekayo kusilinda engaqiniswa kusetshenziswa isikrufu sika-Allen. Lokhu kwandisa ukungezwani entwasahlobo, kuphikisa ukuwohloka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude besiphethu segesi bungalungiswa ukuze kulungiswe ukuwohloka. Ukwelula intwasahlobo kuze kufike ekwandiseni kwayo ngokugcwele kwehlisa ingcindezi, bese ukuyilinganisa nokuyimisa kabusha ibe ubude bangempela kusetshenziswa izindlawu ezilungisekayo kungabuyisela ukusebenza okuhle. Ubude be-stroke bungabuye bulungiswe ngokujikisa i-valve yokulawula ngokuphambene newashi ukuze kuncishiswe ukushaywa noma njengokuya kwewashi ukuze kwandiswe, kuye ngezidingo zohlelo.

Sengiphetha, iziphethu zegesi ziyizindlela ezinokwethenjelwa nezisebenza kahle ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kwifenisha nasekufakweni kwezimoto. Nakuba bengase babe nezinkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zingaxazululwa ngempumelelo ngokuxilonga nokulungiswa okufanele. Ngokulandela imihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi, ukwenza izinguquko eziqondile, kanye nokufuna usizo lochwepheshe uma kudingeka, ukuphila isikhathi eside nokusebenza kweziphethu zegesi kungakhuliswa. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile nokunaka imininingwane kuqinisekisa ukuthi imithombo yegesi iyaqhubeka nokuletha isevisi ethembekile neyongayo.

Njengoba abantu abaningi bamukela umkhuba we-DIY (Do-It-Yourself), abaningi bathatha inselele yokwakha nokuvuselela amakhabethe abo. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuthenga amahinge ekhabetheni lakho, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene ezitholakalayo nokuthi zihluka kanjani ngokusekelwe endaweni yomnyango namaphaneli aseceleni.

Amahinge angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: ikhava egcwele, ikhava enguhhafu, kanye nokugoba okukhulu. Ake sihlolisise uhlobo ngalunye nokuthi unganquma kanjani ukuthi iyiphi efanelekile kukhabhinethi yakho.

Ihinji yekhava egcwele, eyaziwa nangokuthi ihinge yengalo eqondile, yakhelwe iphaneli yomnyango elivala ngokugcwele uhlangothi olume mpo lwekhabhinethi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihinge yekhava enguhhafu yenzelwe iphaneli yomnyango evala ingxenye yohlangothi lwekhabhinethi kuphela. Okokugcina, i-hinge enkulu yokugoba isetshenziswa lapho iphaneli yomnyango ingafaki uhlangothi lwekhabhinethi nhlobo.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwekhava egcwele, ikhava enguhhafu, namahinge amakhulu okugoba kuncike kuphaneli eseceleni yekhabhinethi yakho. Ngokujwayelekile, ubukhulu bephaneli eseceleni busukela ku-16-18mm. Iphaneli eseceleni yekhava iwugqinsi ngo-6-9mm, kuyilapho uhlobo lwe-inlay lusho ukuthi iphaneli yomnyango nephaneli eseceleni kusendizeni efanayo.

Empeleni, uma ikhabethe lakho lakhiwe umhlobisi ochwepheshe, cishe lizoba namahinge ekhava ayingxenye. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhetha ikhabethe elenziwe ngokwezifiso embonini yobungcweti, cishe izofika namahinge ekhava agcwele.

Kafushane, nanka amaphuzu abalulekile mayelana namahinge:

1. Amahinge ayi-hardware ebalulekile yamakhabethe nefenisha, okwenza kube enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zicatshangelwe.

2. Ibanga lentengo lamahinge liyahluka kakhulu, ukusuka kumasenti ambalwa ukuya kumashumi ama-yuan, kuye ngekhwalithi nezici. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa ifenisha namakhabethe kuvame ukubandakanya ukutshala imali kumahinge wekhwalithi engcono.

3. Amahinge angahlukaniswa njengamahinge ajwayelekile namahinge amanzi. Amahinge okudambisa angaphinde ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Amahinge ahlukene anezinketho ezihlukene zempahla, ubuciko, namanani.

4. Lapho ukhetha amahinge, qaphela kakhulu izinto kanye nekhwalithi. Uma ibhajethi yakho ivuma, khetha amahinge wokudambisa amanzi, njengalawo anikezwa u-Hettich no-Aosite. Kuyatuseka ukuthi ugweme amahinge akhipha amanzi angaphandle njengoba evamise ukulahlekelwa umthelela wokudambisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

5. Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo zamahinge, kubalulekile ukucabangela izikhundla zamaphaneli eminyango namaphaneli aseceleni. Kunezinketho ezintathu: ikhava egcwele, ikhava eyingxenye, kanye nokugoba okukhulu. Abahlobisi ngokuvamile basebenzisa ihinge yekhava enguhhafu, kuyilapho amafekthri ekhabhinethi evame ukukhetha amahinji ekhava egcwele.

Khumbula, ukukhethwa kwamahinge kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasebuhleni bamakhabethe akho. Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uqala iphrojekthi ye-DIY noma ufuna usizo lochwepheshe, ukuqonda amahinge kuyisihluthulelo sokuzuza imiphumela oyifunayo.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamahinge, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukucaciswa nezilinganiso ngaphambi kokuthenga. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zamahinge zenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi wenza ucwaningo lwakho ngaphambi kokuthenga.