Ndi kuphulika mobwerezabwereza kwa mliri watsopano wa korona, zakhala mfundo yosasinthika kuti chuma cha padziko lonse chidzapitirirabe kuchepa pakapita nthawi. Malamulo amalonda anapitirizabe kuchepa, mafakitale adayikidwa mochuluka, ndipo mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito ndalama za anthu zinapitirirabe, kupanga malonda ogulitsa nyumba, omwe anali atatsala pang'ono kugwa, moipitsitsa, komanso pafupi ndi kugwa. Bizinesi yonse yomanga nyumba idakhudzidwa kwambiri.

Osati zokhazo, Huawei, m'bale wamkulu mu makampani olankhulana, omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu, ali ndi mphamvu zamphamvu zachuma ndi zamakono, ndipo wayambanso kukonzekera nyengo yozizira molamulidwa ndi Mr. Ren.

Kumbali imodzi, yasintha malingaliro ake ndi mfundo zamabizinesi, ndipo yasintha kuchoka pakuchita zambiri kupita kufunafuna phindu ndi kuyenda kwandalama, kuti iwonetsetse kuti ipulumuka pamavuto m'zaka zitatu zikubwerazi. Kumbali inayi, kupulumuka ndiye pulogalamu yayikulu, ndipo mabizinesi am'mphepete akucheperachepera ndikutsekeka, ndikupangitsa kuti aliyense azisangalala.

"Zaka zitatu", monga nthawi yopanga phindu labizinesi, zikuwoneka kuti zadutsa m'kuphethira kwa diso. Ngati iwonedwa ngati nthawi yotayika, idzakhala kusiyana kosatheka kwa mabizinesi ambiri opanga omwe ali ndi phindu lochepa. Momwe mungakhalire ndi moyo zaka zitatu zikubwerazi, ngakhale ndi khalidwe labwino, lakhala funso lomwe mtsogoleri aliyense wabizinesi ayenera kuliganizira mozama.

Kulimba mtima komanso nyonga-amalonda aku Britain ali ndi chiyembekezo pazachuma cha China(2)

Bungwe la British Directors Association linakhazikitsidwa mu 1903 ndipo ndi limodzi mwa mabungwe otchuka kwambiri amalonda ku UK. John McLean, tcheyamani watsopano wa Nthambi ya London ya British Board of Directors, adanena kuti msika wa China ndi wofunika kwambiri kwa makampani a ku Britain ndipo akukhulupirira kuti mbali ziwirizi zidzalimbitsa mgwirizano m'madera ambiri.

McLean adanena kuti ndi Britain kuchoka ku European Union, makampani aku Britain ayenera "kuyang'ana kummawa." Chuma cha China chikupitirizabe kukula ndipo pali magulu ambiri ogula apakati, omwe amakopa kwambiri makampani a ku Britain. Ndi kuyambiranso kwapang'onopang'ono kwa ntchito zokopa alendo kuchokera ku mliri watsopano wa korona komanso kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kusinthana kwa ogwira ntchito, UK ndi China zilimbitsa mgwirizano pazachuma.

Polankhula za madera omwe angagwirizanitsidwe pakati pa Britain ndi China, McLean adati maiko awiriwa ali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha mgwirizano pazachuma chapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zatsopano, makampani obiriwira ndi chilengedwe, komanso chisamaliro chaumoyo.

William Russell, meya wa Mzinda wa London, adanena poyankhulana kuti City of London ikuyembekeza kukhalabe ndi ubale wolimba ndi mabungwe oyenerera aku China komanso kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wachuma wobiriwira.

Ponena za makampani azachuma aku China kukhala otseguka, Russell adati iyi ndi nkhani yabwino. "Tikukhulupirira kuti chitseko (chotsegula) chikatseguka mokulirakulira, tipitilizabe kugwirizana ndi China. Tikukhulupirira kuti makampani ambiri azachuma aku China abwera ku London kudzakhazikitsa maofesi.

Akasupe a gasi amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamakina osiyanasiyana, kaya ndi mipando yamaofesi kapena makina olemera. Zida zatsopanozi zimagwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa wa nayitrogeni kuti apange mphamvu ndikuthandizira kusuntha kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamakina. M'nkhani yatsatanetsatane iyi, tiwona momwe akasupe a gasi amagwirira ntchito, kuphatikiza kapangidwe kawo, magawo ake, ndi ntchito zake.

Kumanga kwa Gasi Springs

Kupanga akasupe a gasi ndikosavuta, kokhala ndi silinda yodzaza ndi mpweya wa nayitrogeni, ndodo ya pisitoni, ndi pisitoni. Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, silinda imatha kupangidwa kuchokera kuchitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, pulasitiki, kapena aluminiyamu, ndipo imakhala yosindikizidwa bwino. Ndodo ya pisitoni imalowetsedwa mu silinda, ndi pisitoni yomangiriridwa kumapeto kwake. Pistoni ili ndi valavu yomwe imayang'anira kutuluka kwa mpweya wa nayitrogeni pakati pa silinda ndi pistoni.

Zigawo za Gasi Springs

Akasupe a gasi makamaka amadalira zigawo zazikulu zitatu: silinda, pisitoni ndodo, ndi pisitoni. Chilichonse mwazinthu izi chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa gasi.

Silinda: Silinda imagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa kasupe wa gasi, kusungira mpweya wa nayitrogeni ndikuusunga mopanikizika. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masilindala, monga achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri popanga dzimbiri kapena ma aluminiyamu potengera kulemera kwake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera zofunikira.

Ndodo ya Piston: Kulumikiza pisitoni ndi makina ena onse, ndodo ya pistoni nthawi zambiri imapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena aluminiyamu. Kupititsa patsogolo moyo wake ndikuchepetsa kugundana, ndodo ya pisitoni imatha kuyanika kapena kupukuta.

Pistoni: Mosakayikira chigawo chofunikira kwambiri, pisitoni imayang'anira kutuluka kwa mpweya wa nayitrogeni pakati pa silinda ndi piston rod. Mapangidwe ake amatsimikizira kuti silindayo imasindikizidwa, kuteteza mpweya uliwonse. Kuphatikiza apo, pisitoniyo imatha kukhala ndi valavu kuti isinthe kuthamanga kwa gasi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kasupe wa gasi azitha kunyamula katundu wosiyanasiyana.

Ntchito za Gasi Springs

Akasupe a gasi amagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika pakugwiritsa ntchito makina:

1. Force Generation: Akasupe awa amapanga mphamvu yokweza ndikuthandizira makina olemera.

2. Kuwongolera Mayendedwe: Akasupe a gasi amayang'anira kayendedwe ka zida zamakina, monga zitseko ndi zitseko.

3. Kuchepetsa Kugwedera: Amachepetsa kugwedezeka kwamakina panthawi yogwira ntchito, kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito ikuyenda bwino.

4. Chitetezo: Pazinthu ngati mipando yosinthika, akasupe a gasi amalepheretsa kusuntha kwadzidzidzi komanso kosayembekezereka komwe kungayambitse vuto kwa ogwiritsa ntchito makina.

Momwe Gasi Springs Amagwirira Ntchito

Kugwiritsa ntchito akasupe a gasi ndikosavuta koma kothandiza. Katundu akagwiritsidwa ntchito ku ndodo ya pisitoni, imachotsa pisitoni mkati mwa silinda, kukakamiza mpweya wa nayitrogeni. Pamene gasiyo amapanikizidwa, imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa pistoni, kutulutsa mphamvu. Mphamvuyi imatumizidwa ku ndodo ya pisitoni, zomwe zimathandizira kuyenda kwa makina.

Pamene katunduyo achotsedwa, mpweya woponderezedwawo umakula, kulola pisitoni kubwerera kumalo ake oyambirira. Njira yozungulira iyi imapitilirabe malinga ngati katunduyo alipo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina aziyendetsedwa komanso osasunthika.

Kusintha Gasi Springs

Akasupe a gasi amatha kusinthidwa kuti athe kulandira katundu wosiyanasiyana. Kusintha uku kumapangidwa ndikuwongolera valavu mkati mwa pisitoni. Mwa kusintha valavu, kupanikizika kwa gasi kumatha kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepetsedwa, pamapeto pake kumakhudza mphamvu yopangidwa ndi kasupe wa gasi. Kusintha kungathe kuchitidwa pamanja kapena zokha, kutengera ntchito yeniyeni.

Ubwino wa Gasi Springs

Akasupe a gasi amapereka zabwino zambiri kuposa njira zina:

1. Kuphatikizika: Akasupe awa ndi ophatikizika kukula ndipo amatha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta mumakina.

2. Kusinthasintha: Akasupe a gasi ndi osinthika kwambiri ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina ambiri.

3. Kukhalitsa: Omangidwa kuti akhale okhalitsa, akasupe a gasi amamangidwa kuti athe kupirira madera ovuta komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali.

4. Mayendedwe Oyendetsedwa: Akasupe a gasi amapereka kayendetsedwe kabwino, kosalala, komanso kodziwikiratu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chitetezo chokwanira komanso cholondola.

Akasupe a gasi amakhala ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri pamakina amakono, omwe amapereka zabwino zambiri kuposa mayankho ena. Amapanga mphamvu, amathandizira kuyenda, amachepetsa kugwedezeka, ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo pamakina osiyanasiyana. Kumvetsetsa kamangidwe, zigawo, ndi ntchito za akasupe a gasi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakusankha njira yoyenera kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa zida ndi njira zopangira, akasupe a gasi akupitilizabe kusinthika, ndikulonjeza mayankho ogwira mtima komanso ogwira mtima mtsogolo.

Akasupe a gasi, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma struts a gasi, zokwezera gasi, kapena kugwedezeka kwa gasi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamipando ndi magalimoto. Zipangizozi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poonetsetsa kuti njira zotsegukira komanso kutseka zikuyenda bwino pomwe zimathandizira katundu wolemetsa. Ngakhale akasupe a gasi amadziwika kuti ndi odalirika, amatha kukumana ndi zovuta monga kukakamiza kwambiri kapena kutsika pakapita nthawi. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana momwe mungasinthire akasupe a gasi moyenera ndikuzindikira mavuto omwe anthu ambiri amakumana nawo.

Musanasinthe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira ndikuzindikira zovuta za akasupe a gasi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mupeze yankho labwino kwambiri ndikupewa kusintha kosafunikira. Zina zomwe zimafala ndi akasupe a gasi ndi monga kusakwanira kwa mphamvu, mphamvu zambiri, ndi kugwa. Mphamvu yosakwanira imachitika pamene kasupe wa gasi wadzaza kwambiri ndipo alibe mphamvu zokweza ndi kuthandizira kulemera kwake. Mphamvu yochulukirapo ikhoza kukhala yowopsa chifukwa imatha kuwononga zida kapena kuvulaza. Kutsika kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha kapena kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka.

Kusintha akasupe a gasi kumadalira mphamvu yawo yotulutsa mphamvu, yomwe ingadziwike ndi zomwe wopanga amapanga kapena chizindikiro chomwe chili pa silinda. Kuti muchepetse mphamvu ya kasupe wa gasi, yambani ndikumasula valavu yosinthira. Mutha kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito kutembenuka kwa 1/8 ndi wrench yosinthika. Kumasula valavu kumachepetsa kutuluka kwa gasi, kuchepetsa mphamvu. Kumbali ina, kuti muwonjezere mphamvu, sungani valavu yosinthira pogwiritsa ntchito kutembenuka kwa 1/8. Ndikofunika kupanga zosintha zazing'ono ndikuyesa musanabwereze ndondomekoyi.

Kuthamanga ndi vuto lodziwika bwino ndi akasupe a gasi pakapita nthawi. Kuti muzitha kusuntha, mapangidwe ena a gasi amakhala ndi pini yosinthika pa silinda. Mutha kumangitsa pini iyi pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya Allen. Pochita izi, mumawonjezera kupsinjika kwa masika, kuchepetsa kuchepa. Kuonjezera apo, mukhoza kusintha kutalika kwa kasupe wa gasi powonjezera kukulitsa kwake, kuthetsa kupanikizika, ndiyeno kuyeza ndi kubwezeretsanso kutalika kwake koyambirira pogwiritsa ntchito pliers zosinthika. Kutalika kwa sitiroko kungasinthidwenso potembenuza valavu yowongolera motsatana ndi koloko kuti muchepetse kukwapula kapena koloko kuti muwonjezere.

Pomaliza, zikuwonekeratu kuti akasupe a gasi ndi odalirika komanso opindulitsa pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana. Komabe, kusintha kungafunike kuti akwaniritse zosowa zenizeni kapena kuthana ndi zovuta monga kuchepa. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a wopanga ndikupempha thandizo la akatswiri polimbana ndi akasupe akuluakulu kapena othamanga kwambiri. Kusamalira nthawi zonse kumatsimikizira kuti akasupe a gasi akupitiriza kupereka ntchito yodalirika komanso yotsika mtengo.

Akasupe a gasi amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kupereka ntchito yabwino komanso yosasinthika. Kukhoza kwawo kupereka zoyenda molamulidwa ndikuthandizira katundu wolemetsa kumawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira pamipando ndi ntchito zamagalimoto. Kaya ndikutsegula ndi kutseka bwino kwa chitseko cha kabati kapena ntchito yodalirika ya thunthu la galimoto, akasupe a gasi amaonetsetsa kuti njirazi zimagwira ntchito mosavuta.

Komabe, pakapita nthawi, akasupe a gasi amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zomwe zingakhudze momwe amagwirira ntchito. Vuto limodzi lodziwika bwino ndi mphamvu yosakwanira, pomwe kasupe amadzaza kwambiri ndipo sangathe kukweza ndi kuthandizira kulemera komwe adapangidwira. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti makina asatsegule kwathunthu kapena kuvutikira pansi pa katundu. Kumbali inayi, kukakamiza kopitilira muyeso kumatha kukhala kovutiranso, komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zida kapena kuyika chiwopsezo chovulala.

Vuto linanso lomwe lingabwere ndi akasupe a gasi ndikugwa. Izi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa kutentha kapena kuvala ndi kung'ambika. Kugwedezeka kungayambitse zitseko kapena zivindikiro kuti zipachike kuposa momwe zimafunira, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito ndi kukongola.

Kuti tithane ndi mavutowa, m'pofunika kudziwa bwinobwino vutolo. Kumvetsetsa chomwe chimayambitsa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zosintha zomwe zimabwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito abwino. Musanasinthe, m'pofunika kutchulanso zomwe wopanga amapanga komanso malangizo ake. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti zosintha zapangidwa mosatekeseka komanso mkati mwazofunikira.

Kuti muchepetse mphamvu ya kasupe wa gasi, valavu yosinthira iyenera kumasulidwa pang'ono. Izi zitha kutheka pogwiritsira ntchito mosamala 1/8 kutembenukira kozungulira ndi wrench yosinthika. Pochita izi, kutuluka kwa gasi kumachepetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ikhale yochepa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuti muwonjezere mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu, 1/8 yokhotakhota motsatira valavu yosinthira imafunika. Ndikofunika kupanga zosintha zazing'ono panthawi ndikuyesa makina musanabwereze ndondomekoyi. Izi zimathandizira kukonza bwino ndikupewa kubweza mopambanitsa, zomwe zingayambitse zovuta zina.

Kugwa mu akasupe a gasi nthawi zambiri kumatha kuthetsedwa ndikusintha kupsinjika. Mapangidwe ena a masika a gasi amakhala ndi pini yosinthika pa silinda yomwe imatha kumangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya Allen. Izi kumawonjezera mavuto mu kasupe, kulimbana ndi sagging. Kuonjezera apo, kutalika kwa kasupe wa gasi kungasinthidwe kuti akonzenso. Kukulitsa kasupe mpaka kukulitsa kwake kwathunthu kumachepetsa kupsinjika, ndiyeno kuyeza ndikuyikhazikitsanso kutalika kwake koyambira pogwiritsa ntchito pulani yosinthika kumatha kubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito abwino. Kutalika kwa sitiroko kungasinthidwenso mwa kutembenuza valavu yolamulira mozungulira kuti muchepetse kupwetekedwa kapena koloko kuti muwonjezere, malingana ndi zofunikira za ntchito.

Pomaliza, akasupe a gasi ndi njira zodalirika komanso zogwira mtima zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumipando ndi magalimoto. Ngakhale atha kukumana ndi zovuta pakapita nthawi, izi zitha kuthetsedwa bwino pozindikira matenda oyenera komanso kusintha. Potsatira malangizo opanga, kupanga zosintha zenizeni, ndi kufunafuna thandizo la akatswiri pakafunika, moyo wautali ndi magwiridwe antchito a akasupe a gasi zitha kukulitsidwa. Kusamalira nthawi zonse komanso kusamala mwatsatanetsatane kumapangitsa kuti akasupe a gasi apitirize kupereka ntchito yodalirika komanso yotsika mtengo.

Pamene anthu ochulukirachulukira akuvomereza machitidwe a DIY (Do-It-Yourself), ambiri akukumana ndi zovuta zomanga ndi kukonzanso makabati awoawo. Komabe, musanayambe kugula mahinji a nduna yanu, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ilipo komanso momwe imasiyanirana potengera malo a chitseko ndi mapanelo am'mbali.

Mahinji amatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: chivundikiro chathunthu, chivundikiro cha theka, ndi kupinda kwakukulu. Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane mtundu uliwonse ndi momwe mungadziwire kuti ndi iti yomwe ili yoyenera nduna yanu.

Chophimba chathunthu, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti hinge yowongoka ya mkono, chimapangidwira khomo lachitseko chomwe chimakwirira mbali yowongoka ya kabati. Kumbali ina, chivundikiro cha theka chimapangidwira khomo lomwe limaphimba theka la mbali ya kabati. Pomaliza, hinge yayikulu yokhotakhota imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe chitseko sichimaphimba mbali ya kabati konse.

Kusankha pakati pa chivundikiro chonse, chivundikiro cha theka, ndi mahinji akulu opindika zimatengera mbali yam'mbali ya nduna yanu. Nthawi zambiri, makulidwe am'mbali amayambira 16-18mm. Chivundikiro cham'mbali mwake chimakhala cha 6-9mm wandiweyani, pomwe mtundu wa inlay umatanthauza kuti chitseko ndi gulu lakumbali zili pa ndege yomweyo.

M'malo mwake, ngati kabati yanu imapangidwa ndi katswiri wokongoletsa, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mahinji akuphimba. Komabe, ngati mutasankha kabati yopangidwa mwamakonda kuchokera kufakitale yaukadaulo, ndiye kuti ibwera ndi mahinji ophimba.

Mwachidule, apa pali mfundo zazikulu za hinges:

1. Hinges ndi zida zofunika za makabati ndi mipando, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuziganizira.

2. Mitengo ya mahinji imasiyana kwambiri, kuchokera pa masenti ochepa kufika pa makumi a yuan, kutengera mtundu ndi mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, kukweza mipando ndi makabati nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuyika ndalama pamahinji abwinoko.

3. Mahinji amatha kugawidwa ngati mahinji wamba ndi mahinji onyowa. Ma hinges osungunuka amatha kugawidwanso kukhala mitundu yomangidwa mkati ndi kunja. Mahinji osiyanasiyana ali ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi, zaluso, ndi mitengo.

4. Posankha mahinji, samalani kwambiri ndi zinthu ndi ubwino wake. Ngati bajeti yanu ikuloleza, sankhani ma hingero a hydraulic damping, monga omwe amaperekedwa ndi Hettich ndi Aosite. Ndikoyenera kupewa kunyowa kwakunja chifukwa kumakonda kutaya mphamvu pakapita nthawi.

5. Kuwonjezera pa mitundu ya hinge, ndikofunika kuganizira malo a zitseko ndi mapepala am'mbali. Pali zosankha zitatu: chivundikiro chathunthu, chivundikiro cha theka, ndi kupinda kwakukulu. Okongoletsa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito theka lachivundikirocho, pomwe mafakitole a kabati nthawi zambiri amakonda ma hinji akuphimba.

Kumbukirani, kusankha mahinji kumatenga gawo lofunikira pakugwira ntchito ndi kukongola kwamakabati anu. Chifukwa chake, kaya mukuyambitsa projekiti ya DIY kapena mukufuna thandizo la akatswiri, ma hinges omvetsetsa ndikofunikira kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya hinji, kotero ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire zomwe zalembedwa ndi miyeso musanagule. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hinges imapangidwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, choncho onetsetsani kuti mwafufuza musanagule.