Kumvetsetsa Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Yazida Zazida Zakunja Zakunja


Mipando yotumizidwa kunja imakhala yosiyana siyana, ndipo mawonekedwe ake onse amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zida za hardware zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zida zotengera mipando yakunja izi zimasiyana ndi zomwe zimapezeka pamipando wamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, mutha kukongoletsa kukongola kwa nyumba yanu. Werengani kuti mufufuze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zapanyumba zomwe zatumizidwa kunja.


1. Sungani Hardware


Zikafika pamipando yotumizidwa kunja, zogwirira zosankhidwa bwino zimatha kuthandizira kapangidwe kake. Mwachitsanzo, zogwirira zitseko zimagwira ntchito komanso kukongoletsa, ndikuwonjezera kukongola kwa zitseko zanu. Momwemonso, makabati a nsapato amafunikira zipi zoyenerera zomwe sizili zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso zowoneka bwino.


2. Slide Rail Hardware


Mipando yotumizidwa kunja nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zida za slide njanji, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makabati ndi zotengera. Njanjizi zimatsimikizira kuyenda kosalala komanso kokhazikika pomwe kumapangitsa kuti ma drawer akhale olemetsa. Mwa kuphatikiza ma slide njanji, nthawi yamoyo ya mipando yanu imakulitsidwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali.


3. Lock Hardware


Maloko ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya chitetezo chapakhomo. M’mipando yochokera kunja, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zitseko, mazenera, maloko amagetsi, ndi maloko osambira. Kuonjezera apo, maloko angathandizenso kukongola kwa nyumba yanu. Ndi maloko osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka pamsika, ndikofunikira kusankha omwe ali otetezeka komanso othandiza.


4. Nsalu Zotchinga


Nsalu zotchinga ndizowonjezera zofunikira pankhani yopachika makatani. Zopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena matabwa, ndodozi zimatsekereza kuwala ndi kuchepetsa phokoso zikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Ndizowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimapereka chinsinsi komanso kupititsa patsogolo chikhalidwe cha chipinda chilichonse.


5. Miyendo ya Cabinet


Miyendo ya nduna nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamipando yochokera kunja, makamaka m'masofa, mipando, ndi makabati a nsapato. Kuwonjezera pa kupereka chithandizo, miyendoyi imawonjezera kulimba ndi kukongola kwa mipando. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminium alloy kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, amadziwika chifukwa champhamvu komanso kukongola kwawo.


Mitundu Yapamwamba ya Zida Zazida za Wardrobe


Ngati mukuyang'ana zida zapamwamba kwambiri zama wardrobes, ganizirani mitundu iyi:


1. Hettich


Hettich, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku Germany mu 1888, ndiye wopanga mipando yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi mbiri yazinthu zosiyanasiyana, Hettich Hardware Accessories (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. ndi kampani yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi yomwe imagwira ntchito pamakampani opanga mipando.


2. Dongtai DTC


Dongtai DTC ndi othandizira ku Guangdong opangira zida zapamwamba zapanyumba. Ndi zolemekezeka zosiyanasiyana monga Guangdong Famous Trademark ndi High-tech Enterprise, Dongtai DTC imatsogolera msika ndi kupita patsogolo kwake kwaukadaulo ndipo ndi mtundu wodalirika pakati pa ogula.


3. German Kaiwei Hardware


Kukhazikitsidwa mu 1981, German Kaiwei Hardware ndi dzina lolemekezeka pamakampani. Imagwira ntchito yopanga mahinji wamba komanso apadera a slide njanji, kudzitamandira ndi luso lopanga komanso ntchito zapamwamba zothandizira. Imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi zimphona zapadziko lonse lapansi monga Hettich, Hfele, ndi FGV, ndipo zogulitsa zake zimatumizidwa kumayiko ndi zigawo pafupifupi 100 padziko lonse lapansi.


Komwe Mungagule Zinthu Za Hardware Zochokera kunja


Ngati mukufuna kugula zinthu zakunja zakunja, malo ogulitsira pa intaneti a Taobao ndi njira yodalirika. Pulatifomuyi imapereka sitolo yovomerezeka ya Amazon ku Japan, yopereka zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa zanu za Hardware. Ndi zotsatsa zapadera zanthawi yochepa komanso mitengo yampikisano, malo ogulitsira pa intaneti a Taobao amaonetsetsa kuti mumapeza zida zoyenera popanda kuwotcha bowo m'thumba lanu.


Pomaliza, zida zam'nyumba zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukongoletsa kwanu komanso magwiridwe antchito anyumba yanu. Posankha zida zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera kuzinthu zodziwika bwino monga Hettich, Dongtai DTC, ndi German Kaiwei Hardware, mutha kukweza mawonekedwe ndi kulimba kwa mipando yanu. Musaiwale kufufuza malo ogulitsira pa intaneti a Taobao kuti mupeze zosankha zambiri zazinthu zotumizidwa kunja pamitengo yotsika mtengo.

Kusankha Zida Zoyenera Zopangira Zida: Chitsogozo


Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zida za hardware mu mipando kwafala kwambiri masiku ano. Ndi kukwera kwa mipando yodulitsidwa komanso yodziphatikiza yokha, zida za Hardware zakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamipando yamakono.


Pogula kapena kutumiza mipando, ndikofunika kusankha zipangizo zoyenera za hardware. Zowonjezera izi zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: zida zogwirira ntchito ndi zida zokongoletsa. Zida zogwirira ntchito zimaphatikizapo zolumikizira, ma hinges, ndi masilayidi omwe amagwira ntchito inayake mumipando. Ndikofunika kumvetsera kwambiri zowonjezera izi.


Mukamagula, yambani kuyang'ana mosamala maonekedwe ndi luso la hardware. Yesani magwiridwe ake popinda ndikusintha kangapo kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikuyenda bwino. Yang'anani phokoso lililonse lachilendo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti likufanana ndi kalasi ndi ubwino wa mipando. Kuonjezera apo, ganizirani kulemera kwa hardware monga katundu wolemera nthawi zambiri amasonyeza zipangizo zabwino. Ndikoyenera kusankha zinthu kuchokera kwa opanga omwe ali ndi mbiri yakale yogwira ntchito komanso mbiri yapamwamba.


Kwa zipangizo zodzikongoletsera za hardware, monga zogwirira ntchito, ndikofunika kulingalira kugwirizana kwawo ndi mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a mipando. Mwachitsanzo, ndi bwino kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa olimba pamipando yakukhitchini chifukwa amapunduka m'malo achinyezi.


Kusunga Zida Zam'manja Zazida


Mipando yachikhalidwe imadalira kwambiri matabwa ndipo safuna zipangizo za hardware. Komabe, mumipando yamakono, zida za hardware zakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikira mtundu wonse. Kaya mipando imapangidwa pamalo, yopangidwa mwamakonda, kapena yogulidwa ngati zinthu zomalizidwa, kulabadira za hardware ndikofunikira. M'munsimu muli malangizo ena okonza zipangizo za hardware ya mipando:


1. Kuyeretsa: Kuyeretsa mipando yapanyumba, ingopukutani ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena nsalu yoviikidwa muzitsulo zosalowerera kapena zotsukira. Pomaliza, pukutani madontho aliwonse amadzi.


2. Kukonza Pamwamba: Pa madontho aakulu kapena zokala, pangani mchenga pang'ono pamwamba ndi sandpaper yabwino kenaka pukutani ndi pad.


3. Kupaka mafuta: Pakani mafuta opaka nthawi zonse panjanji zowongolera ma drawer ndi zida zina zosunthika. Izi zimachepetsa kukangana ndikuwonjezera moyo wawo.


4. Pewani Madzi: Pewani kupukuta mipando ndi madzi. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chotsukira mipando kapena chokonzera. Uza chotsukira pa nsalu yoyera ya thonje ndikupukuta mokoma fumbi. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakuthwa kapena zolimba zomwe zimatha kukwapula pamwamba pa zida. Kuphatikiza apo, sungani zida za Hardware kutali ndi zinthu monga hydrochloric acid, mchere, ndi brine.


5. Yang'anani Kulimba: Yang'anani nthawi zonse mahinji, njanji zojambulidwa, ndi zida zina za Hardware kuti zikhale zolimba. Ngati mbali iliyonse yamasuka, ikonzeni mwamsanga.


6. Kutsuka Nthawi Zonse: Tsukani zida za hardware nthawi zonse ndikuthira mafuta otsekemera pazigawo zotsetsereka kapena zosuntha pambuyo pake.


7. Fufuzani Thandizo la Akatswiri: Ngati simungathe kuthana ndi vuto lililonse nokha, funsani kapena lipoti ku sitolo komwe mudagula mipando.


Kumvetsetsa Furniture Hardware Chalk


Zida zam'nyumba zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndi kukongola kwa mipando. M'munsimu muli zitsanzo za zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za hardware ndi mawonekedwe ake:


1. Zogwirizira: Zogwirizira zimapezeka m'mapangidwe ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zolimba zomwe zimakhala ndi luso lapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba. Kukula kwa chogwirira kumadalira kutalika kwa kabati.


2. Zothandizira Laminate: Zothandizira izi ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'khitchini, zimbudzi, zipinda zogona, masitolo, ndi makonde. Opangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chapamwamba, amapereka kukhazikika kwabwino komanso kunyamula mphamvu.


3. Miyendo ya Sofa: Miyendo yolimba komanso yolimba ya sofa imapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zokhuthala ndipo imatha kuthandizira katundu wolemetsa. Amakhala ndi mapangidwe okweza kuti asinthe kutalika kwake komanso kukangana kowonjezereka. Kuyika ndi kosavuta.


4. Matinji: Ma track awa amapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri cha kaboni chokhala ndi dzimbiri. Chithandizo chakuda cha electrophoretic chakuda cha asidi-umboni chimatsimikizira kulimba. Manjanji ndi osavuta kukhazikitsa, osalala, osasunthika, opanda phokoso, komanso amapereka ntchito yochepetsera pang'ono.


5. Ma Drawer Slide: Zithunzizi amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zolimba monga zitsulo, pulasitiki, ndi galasi lozizira. Ali ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zonyamula katundu, ndizosavuta kukhazikitsa, ndipo amapereka kutseka kofewa ndi mwakachetechete.


Opanga Zida Zopangira Zida Zam'manja


Pali opanga angapo odziwika bwino opangira zida zamagetsi zamagetsi. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:


1. Zhenwei Hardware: Yodziwika ndi "Weili" ndi "Dongfang" brand, Zhenwei Hardware imapereka zokongoletsera zapakhomo ndi zinthu zina za hardware ndi kuphatikiza koyenera kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi mapangidwe aluso.


2. Shenzhen Yipin Hardware & Pulasitiki Viwanda Co., Ltd.: Wopanga uyu amagwira ntchito pa kafukufuku, chitukuko, kupanga, ndi kugulitsa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi. Amapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi masitayelo osiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe, komanso mtundu wotsimikizika.


3. Guangzhou Xiangzhen Hardware Products Co., Ltd.: Kampaniyi imapanga ndi kukonza zida zapanyumba zapanyumba zokhala ndi mapangidwe apadera komanso mawonekedwe opangira. Zogulitsa zawo zimayang'ana kwambiri kapangidwe kake, ukadaulo, mtengo, komanso mtundu kuti apereke kukhutitsidwa kwamakasitomala.


4. Yuejin Furniture Hardware Accessories Factory: Yopezeka m'chigawo cha Guangdong, fakitale iyi imagwira ntchito popanga zida zapanyumba. Ndi zaka zachitukuko, apeza chithandizo, chidaliro, ndi maubwenzi abwino ndi mabwenzi.


Mitengo ya Furniture Hardware Chalk


Mtengo wa zipangizo zapanyumba ukhoza kusiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi mtundu wake. Nazi zitsanzo:


1. Longxiang Bed Gas Spring Hydraulic Rod: Mtengo wapakati wazinthu izi ndi pafupifupi 35 yuan.


2. Thickened Three-in-One Connector Screw Eccentric Wheel Iron Nut: Mtengo wapakati pa ma seti 100 a zolumikizira za Type A ndi pafupifupi 28 yuan.


3. Buckle ya Bead Door Buckle Cabinet Wardrobe Touch Clip Buckle: Mtengo wapakati pazidazi ndi pafupifupi 12 yuan.


4. Thick 304 Stainless Steel Corner Code Right-Angle Bracket: Mtengo wapakati pa bulaketiyi ndi pafupifupi 26 yuan.


5. Zida Zaku Germany za Hettich Furniture: Mtengo wapakati pazowonjezera zosiyanasiyana, monga matabwa a matabwa, misomali, mabulaketi, ndi magawo, ndi pafupifupi 13 yuan.


6. Bed Hardware Chalk: Mtengo wapakati wamahinji ogona, zolumikizira, zokowera, ndi zina zowonjezera ndi pafupifupi 50 yuan.


7. German Hettich Three-in-One Connecting Rod: Mtengo wapakati pa msonkhano uno ndi pafupifupi 20 yuan.


Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mitengoyi ndi yongoyerekeza ndipo ingasiyane kutengera mtundu wa chinthucho ndi wogulitsa.


Pomaliza, kusankha zida zoyenera zamipando ndikofunikira kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito komanso kukongola kwa mipando. Poganizira zinthu monga maonekedwe, luso la ntchito, kagwiridwe ka ntchito, ndi kugwirizana ndi mipando, munthu akhoza kupanga zosankha zogula mwanzeru. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonzanso koyenera kwa zida zapanyumba kumatsimikizira moyo wawo wautali komanso magwiridwe antchito.



Takulandirani kutsamba lathu laposachedwa kwambiri pamabulogu, komwe timakhala m'dziko losangalatsa la {blog_title}. Kaya ndinu katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito kapena mwangoyamba kumene, nkhaniyi ndikutsimikizirani kuti ikukupatsani zidziwitso ndi maupangiri okuthandizani kuyang'ana mkati ndi kunja kwa {topic}. Chifukwa chake khalani pansi, pumulani, ndipo konzekerani kudzozedwa!

Zogwirira zitseko

ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri timakumana nazo pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Sikuti zimangopangitsa kuti titsegule ndi kutseka zitseko ndi mazenera, komanso kuwakongoletsa. Zogwirizira pakhomo zitha kugawidwa m'magawo otsatirawa: tsinde la chogwirira, chogwirira ntchito, mbale yachitsanzo, zomangira zomangira ndi zida zina zothandizira msonkhano. Tseni’s kusanthula mbali zosiyanasiyana za chogwirira chitseko chimodzi ndi chimodzi.



1. Handlebar


Chogwirizira ndi gawo lalikulu la chogwirira chitseko. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupereka malo ogwirira ndikupangitsa kuti chitseko chikhale chosavuta komanso chodalirika. Pali mitundu yambiri yamawonekedwe a chogwirira, kuphatikiza mipiringidzo yowongoka, mipiringidzo yopindika, thumba la mthumba, mipiringidzo ya wavy, ndi zina. Zotengera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za anthu osiyanasiyana.


Zogwirizira nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aloyi ya aluminium, mkuwa, chitsulo, ndi zina. Zogwirira ntchito zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri sizichita dzimbiri komanso zosavuta kuyeretsa, pomwe zogwirira zamkuwa zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ambiri ndipo ndizoyenera nyumba zokhala ndi masitayelo apamwamba kwambiri. Chithandizo chapamwamba cha chogwiriracho chimaphatikizapo kupukuta, kupukuta, electroplating, etc. Njira zochiritsira zosiyanasiyana zidzakhudzanso kukongola ndi mawonekedwe a chogwirira chitseko.


2. Gwirani mpando


Mpando wogwirizira ndi gawo la chogwirira chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi chitseko, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi kukula kwake nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana ndi chogwiriracho. Zakuthupi za mpando chogwirira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi chogwiriracho. Mipando yogwirizira yazinthu zosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi kusiyana kwamphamvu, kukana kwa dzimbiri, etc.


3. Chithunzi cha board


Chojambula chojambula ndi gawo lokongoletsera la pakhomo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi chogwirira chitseko kuti azikongoletsa bwino. Mapulani amitundu amabwera m'mawonekedwe ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mkuwa, chitsulo, matabwa, acrylic, etc.


Kapangidwe ka matabwa azithunzi ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kukonza zitsulo zolondola kapena zojambulajambula. Zogwirizira zophatikizidwa ndi mbale yachitsanzo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono wa CNC, womwe umatha kupanga zogwirira ntchito zabwino zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mbale yachitsanzo.


4. Kukonza zomangira ndi zida zina zothandizira msonkhano


Kukonza zomangira ndi zida zina zothandizira msonkhano zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti chogwirira chitseko chimayikidwa pakhomo ndikupewa kugwedezeka kapena kupunduka pakagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomangira zomangira nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mkuwa, chitsulo ndi zinthu zina, ndipo chithandizo chapamwamba chimakhala ngati malata, chokutidwa ndi mkuwa, ndi zina zambiri.


Assembly wothandiza mbali monga zomangira, washers, ndi mtedza wa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi njira processing akhoza kupanga chitseko chogwirira bwino agwirizane ndi mapangidwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi osiyana unsembe malo a zitseko ndi mazenera.


Fotokozerani mwachidule

Zigawo zosiyanasiyana za

chogwirira chitseko

amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito chogwirira chitseko. Kuchokera kumbali ya kamangidwe ka chitseko, kupanga ndi kuyika, mapangidwe ndi kusankha zinthu zamagulu osiyanasiyana amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za anthu pazitsulo zapakhomo kuchokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana ndikuwongolera zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito pakhomo komanso kukongoletsa.


Zogwirira zitseko ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa malo. Zogwirizira zitseko zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndipo zimakhala za dzimbiri, zowonongeka komanso zodetsedwa chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali komanso kung'ambika, zomwe zimakhudza mawonekedwe awo ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Njira zokonzetsera zolondola zitha kupangitsa chogwirira chitseko kukhala cholimba ndikuwonjezera moyo wake wautumiki. M'munsimu muli malangizo angapo okonza chogwirira chitseko.


1. Tsukani zogwirira zitseko nthawi zonse


Zogwirira zitseko ziyenera kutsukidwa kamodzi pa sabata ndipo nthawi yomweyo ngati pakufunika kuti dothi lisachuluke pachitseko ndi kuwononga pamwamba pake. Kuyeretsa zogwirira zitseko ndi madzi ofunda ndi sopo ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza. Gwiritsani ntchito nsalu yofewa kuti mupukute chogwirira chitseko, pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovuta monga maburashi, chifukwa izi zimatha kuwononga pamwamba ndikusiya zokopa.


2. Chotsani dzimbiri


Dzimbiri likhoza kuwoneka pazitsulo za zitseko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pake ikhale yolimba komanso yowonongeka. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyeretsera bwino ndi chisamaliro kungapangitse zogwirira zitseko zanu kuwoneka zatsopano. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zotsukira acidic, monga vinyo wosasa woyera, mandimu, ndi zina zotero, kuti muzipaka pachitseko cha chitseko, ndikupukuta ndi nsalu yofewa kuchotsa dzimbiri. Komabe, chonde samalani zachitetezo mukamagwiritsa ntchito, ndipo onetsetsani kuti chogwirira chitseko chauma mukatsuka.


3. Gwiritsani ntchito wothandizira


Kugwiritsa ntchito wosanjikiza wokonza pamwamba pa chogwirira chitseko kumatha kuteteza madontho ndi dzimbiri. Othandizira okonza awa sangateteze chogwirira chitseko ku ukalamba, komanso amachipangitsa kukhala chowala ndikuwonjezera moyo wake wautumiki. Wothandizira pakhomo ndi wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ingogwiritsani ntchito pamwamba pa chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito pakhomo ndikupukuta ndi nsalu yofewa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito wothandizira, muyenera kumvetsera kwambiri zinthu za pakhomo la pakhomo ndikusankha wothandizira woyenera kuti asawononge pamwamba.


4. Samalani ndi manja amafuta


Musanagwiritse ntchito chogwirira chitseko, muzisamba m'manja pafupipafupi kuti muchotse mafuta m'manja mwanu, chifukwa mafuta amatha kutseka ming'alu ndi mipata ya chitseko, potero amafooketsa chogwirira cha chitseko kuti chisalimba. Kuonjezera apo, yesetsani kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi pazitsulo pakhomo pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira, chifukwa amatha kusokoneza zikopa kapena mphira ndi mapulasitiki ndikukhudza kukongola.


Ndikofunikira kusamalira zogwirira zitseko chifukwa zogwirira zitseko zimatha kung'ambika chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Kusamalira moyenera kungapangitse zogwirira zitseko zanu kukhala zabwino komanso zokhalitsa. Kwa iwo omwe akusowa zogwirira ntchito zatsopano kapena zowonjezera, tikulimbikitsidwa kupeza odalirika

khomo chogwirira katundu

amene amapereka zinthu zapamwamba pamtengo wokwanira. Malangizo osamalira zogwirira zitseko zomwe zaperekedwa pamwambapa akulimbikitsidwa kuti mwiniwake aliyense azitsatira mosamala kuti chitseko chikhale chotalika ndikuthandizira kukongola ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyumbayo kwa nthawi yayitali.