Aosite, kuba 1993
Intonga yenkxaso yinto e-elastic enegesi kunye ne-liquid njengendlela yokusebenza. Iqukethe ityhubhu yoxinzelelo, ipiston, intonga yepiston, kunye nenani lokudibanisa. Ingaphakathi lentonga yenkxaso igcwele i-nitrogen ephezulu. Uxinzelelo luyalingana, kodwa iindawo ezinqamlezayo kumacala amabini episton zihluke. Esinye isiphelo siqhagamshelwe kwintonga yepiston kwaye enye ayikho. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lwegesi, uxinzelelo oluya kwicala elinommandla omncinci we-cross-sectional luyenziwa, oko kukuthi, i-elastic force yentonga yokuxhasa. Seta ngeengcinezelo ezahlukeneyo zenitrogen okanye iintonga zepiston ezinobubanzi obuhlukeneyo. Ngokungafaniyo nemithombo yomatshini, intonga yenkxaso ine-curve elastiki ephantse ibe ngumgca. I-coefficient ye-elastic X yentonga yenkxaso eqhelekileyo iphakathi kwe-1.2 kunye ne-1.4. Ezinye iiparameters zinokuchazwa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweemfuno kunye neemeko zokusebenza.