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Research on Zero Stiffness Flexible Hinge Based on Crank Spring Mechanism_Hinge Knowledge

Abstract: The rotational stiffness of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge is approximately zero, which overcomes the defect that ordinary flexible hinges require driving torque, and can be applied to flexible grippers and other fields. Taking the inner and outer ring flexible hinges under the action of pure torque as the positive stiffness subsystem, the research Negative stiffness mechanism and matching positive and negative stiffness can construct zero stiffness flexible hinge. Propose a negative stiffness rotation mechanism——Crank spring mechanism, modeled and analyzed its negative stiffness characteristics; by matching positive and negative stiffness, analyzed the influence of structural parameters of crank spring mechanism on zero stiffness quality; proposed a linear spring with customizable stiffness and size——Diamond-shaped leaf spring string, the stiffness model was established and the finite element simulation verification was carried out; finally, the design, processing and testing of a compact zero-stiffness flexible hinge sample were completed. The test results showed that: under the action of pure torque,±18°In the range of rotation angles, the rotational stiffness of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge is 93% lower than that of the inner and outer ring flexible hinges on average. The constructed zero-stiffness flexible hinge has a compact structure and high-quality zero-stiffness; the proposed negative-stiffness rotation mechanism and the linear The spring has great reference value for the study of flexible mechanism.0 PrefaceFlexible hinge (bearing)[1-2]Relying on the elastic deformation of the flexible unit to transmit or convert motion, force and energy, it has been widely used in precision positioning and other fields. Compared with traditional rigid bearings, there is a restoring moment when the flexible hinge rotates. Therefore, the drive unit needs to provide output torque to drive and Keep the rotation of the flexible hinge. Zero stiffness flexible hinge [3](Zero stiffness flexural pivot, ZSFP) is a flexible rotary joint whose rotational stiffness is approximately zero. This type of flexible hinge can stay at any position within the stroke range, also known as static balance flexible hinge [4], are mostly used in fields such as flexible grippers.Based on the modular design concept of the flexible mechanism, the entire zero-stiffness flexible hinge system can be divided into two subsystems of positive and negative stiffness, and the zero-stiffness system can be realized through the matching of positive and negative stiffness[5]. Among them, the positive stiffness subsystem is usually a large-stroke flexible hinge, such as a cross-reed flexible hinge[6-7], generalized three-cross reed flexible hinge[8-9]and inner and outer ring flexible hinges[10-11]etc. At present, the research on flexible hinges has achieved a lot of results, therefore, the key to design zero-stiffness flexible hinges is to match suitable negative stiffness modules for flexible hinges[3].Inner and outer ring flexible hinges (Inner and outer ring flexural pivots, IORFP) have excellent characteristics in terms of stiffness, precision and temperature drift. The matching negative stiffness module provides the construction method of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge, and finally, completes the design, sample processing and testing of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge.1 crank spring mechanism1.1 Definition of negative stiffnessThe general definition of stiffness K is the rate of change between the load F borne by the elastic element and the corresponding deformation dxK= dF/dx (1) When the load increment of the elastic element is opposite to the sign of the corresponding deformation increment, it is negative stiffness. Physically, the negative stiffness corresponds to the static instability of the elastic element[12].Negative stiffness mechanisms play an important role in the field of flexible static balance. Usually, negative stiffness mechanisms have the following characteristics.(1) The mechanism reserves a certain amount of energy or undergoes a certain deformation.(2) The mechanism is in a critical instability state.(3) When the mechanism is slightly disturbed and leaves the equilibrium position, it can release a larger force, which is in the same direction as the movement.1.2 Construction principle of zero-stiffness flexible hingeThe zero-stiffness flexible hinge can be constructed by using positive and negative stiffness matching, and the principle is shown in Figure 2.(1) Under the action of pure torque, the inner and outer ring flexible hinges have an approximately linear torque-rotation angle relationship, as shown in Figure 2a. Especially, when the intersection point is located at 12.73% of the reed length, the torque-rotation angle relationship is linear[11], at this time, the restoring moment Mpivot (clockwise direction) of the flexible hinge is related to the bearing rotation angleθ(counterclockwise) the relationship isMpivot=(8EI/L)θ (2) In the formula, E is the elastic modulus of the material, L is the length of the reed, and I is the moment of inertia of the section.(2) According to the rotational stiffness model of the inner and outer ring flexible hinges, the negative stiffness rotating mechanism is matched, and its negative stiffness characteristics are shown in Figure 2b.(3) In view of the instability of the negative stiffness mechanism[12], the stiffness of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge should be approximately zero and greater than zero, as shown in Figure 2c.1.3 Definition of crank spring mechanismAccording to literature [4], a zero-stiffness flexible hinge can be constructed by introducing a pre-deformed spring between the moving rigid body and the fixed rigid body of the flexible hinge. For the inner and outer ring flexible hinge shown in FIG. 1, a spring is introduced between the inner ring and the outer ring, I .e., a spring-crank mechanisms (SCM) is introduced. Referring to the crank slider mechanism shown in Figure 3, the related parameters of the crank spring mechanism are shown in Figure 4. The crank-spring mechanism is composed of a crank and a spring (set stiffness as k). the initial angle is the included angle between the crank AB and the base AC when the spring is not deformed. R represents the crank length, l represents the base length, and defines the crank length ratio as the ratio of r to l, I .e. = r/l (0<<1).The construction of the crank-spring mechanism requires the determination of 4 parameters: the base length l, the crank length ratio , the initial angle and the spring stiffness K.The deformation of the crank spring mechanism under force is shown in Figure 5a, at the moment MγUnder the action, the crank moves from the initial position ABBetaturn to ABγ, during the rotation process, the included angle of the crank relative to the horizontal positionγ called the crank angle.Qualitative analysis shows that the crank rotates from AB (initial position, M & gamma; Zero) to AB0 (“dead point”location, Mγis zero), the crank-spring mechanism has a deformation with negative stiffness characteristics.1.4 The relationship between torque and rotation angle of crank spring mechanismIn Fig. 5, the torque M & gamma; clockwise is positive, the crank angle & gamma; counterclockwise is positive, and the moment load M is modeled and analyzed below.γwith crank angleγ The relationship between the modeling process is dimensioned.As shown in Figure 5b, the torque balance equation for crank AB & gamma is listed.In the formula, F & gamma; is the spring restoring force, d & gamma; is F & gamma; to point A. Assume that the displacement-load relation of the spring isIn the formula, K is the spring stiffness (not necessarily a constant value),δxγ is the amount of spring deformation (shortened to positive),δxγ=|BBetaC| – |BγC|.Simultaneous type (3)(5), moment Mγ with cornerγThe relationship is1.5 Analysis of the negative stiffness characteristics of the crank-spring mechanismIn order to facilitate the analysis of the negative stiffness characteristics of the crank-spring mechanism (moment Mγ with cornerγ relationship), it may be assumed that the spring has a linear positive stiffness, then formula (4) can be rewritten asIn the formula, Kconst is a constant greater than zero. After the size of the flexible hinge is determined, the length l of the base is also determined. Therefore, assuming that l is a constant, formula (6) can be rewritten aswhere Kconstl2 is a constant greater than zero, and the moment coefficient m & gamma; has a dimension of one. The negative stiffness characteristics of the crank-spring mechanism can be obtained by analyzing the relationship between the torque coefficient m & gamma; and the rotation angle & gamma.From equation (9), Figure 6 shows the initial angle =π relationship between m & gamma; and crank length ratio and rotation angle & gamma;, & isin;[0.1, 0.9],& gamma;& isin;[0, π]. Figure 7 shows the relationship between m & gamma; and rotation angle & gamma; for = 0.2 and different . Figure 8 shows =π When, under different , the relationship between m & gamma; and angle & gamma.According to the definition of crank spring mechanism (section 1.3) and formula (9), when k and l are constant, m & gamma; Only related to angle & gamma;, crank length ratio and crank initial angle .(1) If and only if & gamma; is equal to 0 orπ or ,m & gamma; is equal to zero; & gamma; & isin;[0, ],m & gamma; is greater than zero; & gamma; & isin;[,π],m & gamma; less than zero. & isin;[0, ],m & gamma; is greater than zero; & gamma;& isin;[,π],m & gamma; less than zero.(2) & gamma; When [0, ], the rotation angle & gamma; increases, m & gamma; increases from zero to the inflection point angle & gamma;0 takes the maximum value m & gamma;max, and then gradually decreases.(3) The negative stiffness characteristic range of the crank spring mechanism: & gamma;& isin;[0, & gamma;0], at this time & gamma; increases (counterclockwise), and the torque M & gamma; increases (clockwise). The inflection point angle & gamma;0 is the maximum rotation angle of the negative stiffness characteristic of the crank-spring mechanism and & gamma;0 & isin;[0, ];m & gamma;max is the maximum negative moment coefficient. Given and , the derivation of equation (9) yields & gamma;0(4) the larger the initial angle , & gamma; the larger 0, mγmax bigger.(5) the larger the length ratio , & gamma; the smaller 0, mγmax bigger.In particular, =πThe negative stiffness characteristics of the crank spring mechanism are the best (the negative stiffness angle range is large, and the torque that can be provided is large). =πAt the same time, under different conditions, the maximum rotation angle & gamma of the negative stiffness characteristic of the crank spring mechanism; 0 and the maximum negative torque coefficient m & gamma; Max is listed in table 1.Table 1 The initial angle isπ The maximum negative stiffness angle & gamma;0 and the maximum moment coefficient m under different crank length ratios γmaxparametervaluecrank length ratio 0.10.20.30.40.5Maximum turning angle & gamma;0/rad0.980.910.840.760.68Maximum moment coefficient mγmax0.0130.0550.130.230.372 Construction of zero-stiffness flexible hingeThe matching of positive and negative stiffness of the 2.1 is shown in Figure 9, n(n 2) groups of parallel crank spring mechanisms are evenly distributed around the circumference, forming a negative stiffness mechanism matched with the inner and outer ring flexible hinges.Using the inner and outer ring flexible hinges as the positive stiffness subsystem, construct a zero-stiffness flexible hinge. In order to achieve zero stiffness, match the positive and negative stiffnesssimultaneous (2), (3), (6), (11), and & gamma;=θ, the load F & gamma of the spring can be obtained; and displacementδThe relationship of x & gamma; isAccording to section 1.5, the negative stiffness angle range of the crank spring mechanism: & gamma;& isin;[0, & gamma;0] and & gamma;0 & isin;[0, ], the stroke of the zero stiffness flexible hinge shall be less than & gamma;0, I .e. the spring is always in a deformed state (δxγ≠0). The rotation range of the inner and outer ring flexible hinges is±0.35 rad(±20°), simplify the trigonometric functions sin & gamma; and cos & gamma; as followsAfter simplification, the load-displacement relationship of the spring2.2 Error analysis of positive and negative stiffness matching modelEvaluate the error caused by the simplified treatment of equation (13). According to the actual processing parameters of zero stiffness flexible hinge (Section 4.2):n = 3,l = 40mm, =π, = 0.2,E = 73 GPa; The dimensions of the inner and outer ring flexible hinge reed L = 46mm,T = 0.3mm,W = 9.4mm; The comparison formulas (12) and (14) simplify the load displacement relationship and relative error of the front and rear springs as shown in Figures 10a and 10b respectively.As shown in Figure 10, & gamma; is less than 0.35 rad (20°), the relative error caused by the simplified treatment to the load-displacement curve does not exceed 2.0%, and the formulaThe simplified treatment of (13) can be used to construct zero-stiffness flexible hinges.2.3 Stiffness characteristics of the springAssuming the stiffness of the spring is K, the simultaneous (3), (6), (14)According to the actual processing parameters of zero stiffness flexible hinge (Section 4.2), the change curve of spring stiffness K with angle & gamma; is shown in Figure 11. In particular, when & gamma;= 0, K takes the minimum value.For the convenience of design and processing, the spring adopts a linear positive stiffness spring, and the stiffness is Kconst. In the whole stroke, if the total stiffness of the zero stiffness flexible hinge is greater than or equal to zero, Kconst should take the minimum value of KEquation (16) is the stiffness value of the linear positive stiffness spring when constructing the zero stiffness flexible hinge. 2.4 Analysis of zero-stiffness quality The load-displacement relationship of the constructed zero-stiffness flexible hinge isSimultaneous formula (2), (8), (16) can be obtainedIn order to evaluate the quality of zero stiffness, the reduction range of flexible hinge stiffness before and after adding the negative stiffness module is defined as the zero stiffness quality coefficientηη The closer to 100%, the higher the quality of zero stiffness. Figure 12 is 1-η Relationship with crank length ratio and initial angle η It is independent of the number n of parallel crank-spring mechanisms and the length l of the base, but only related to the crank length ratio , the rotation angle & gamma; and the initial angle .(1) The initial angle increases and the zero stiffness quality improves.(2) The length ratio increases and the zero stiffness quality decreases.(3) Angle & gamma; increases, zero stiffness quality decreases.In order to improve the zero stiffness quality of the zero stiffness flexible hinge, the initial angle should take a larger value; the crank length ratio should be as small as possible. At the same time, according to the analysis results in Section 1.5, if is too small, the ability of the crank-spring mechanism to provide negative stiffness will be weak. In order to improve the zero stiffness quality of the zero stiffness flexible hinge, the initial angle =π, crank length ratio = 0.2, that is, the actual processing parameters of section 4.2 zero stiffness flexible hinge.According to the actual processing parameters of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge (Section 4.2), the torque-angle relationship between the inner and outer ring flexible hinges and the zero-stiffness flexible hinge is shown in Figure 13; the decrease in stiffness is the zero-stiffness quality coefficientηThe relationship with the corner & gamma; is shown in Figure 14. By Figure 14: In 0.35 rad (20°) rotation range, the stiffness of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge is reduced by an average of 97%; 0.26 rad(15°) corners, it is reduced by 95%.3 Design of linear positive stiffness springThe construction of zero stiffness flexible hinge is usually after the size and stiffness of the flexible hinge are determined, and then the stiffness of the spring in the crank spring mechanism is reversed, so the stiffness and size requirements of the spring are relatively strict. In addition, the initial angle =π, from Figure 5a, during the rotation of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge, the spring is always in a compressed state, that is“Compression spring”.The stiffness and size of traditional compression springs are difficult to customize precisely, and a guide mechanism is often required in applications. Therefore, a spring whose stiffness and size can be customized is proposed——Diamond-shaped leaf spring string. The diamond-shaped leaf spring string (Figure 15) is composed of multiple diamond-shaped leaf springs connected in series. It has the characteristics of free structural design and high degree of customization. Its processing technology is consistent with that of flexible hinges, and both are processed by precision wire cutting.3.1 Load-displacement model of diamond-shaped leaf spring stringDue to the symmetry of the rhombic leaf spring, only one leaf spring needs to be subjected to stress analysis, as shown in Figure 16. α is the angle between the reed and the horizontal, the length, width and thickness of the reed are Ld, Wd, Td respectively, f is the dimensionally unified load on the rhombus leaf spring,δy is the deformation of rhombic leaf spring in the y direction, force fy and moment m are equivalent loads on the end of a single reed, fv and fw are component forces of fy in the wov coordinate system.According to the beam deformation theory of AWTAR[13], the dimensionally unified load-displacement relation of single reedDue to the constraint relationship of the rigid body on the reed, the end angle of the reed before and after deformation is zero, that isθ = 0. Simultaneous (20)(22)Equation (23) is the load-displacement dimensional unification model of rhombic leaf spring. n2 rhombic leaf springs are connected in series, and its load-displacement model isFrom formula (24), whenαWhen d is small, the stiffness of the diamond-shaped leaf spring string is approximately linear under typical dimensions and typical loads.3.2 Finite element simulation verification of the modelThe finite element simulation verification of the load-displacement model of the diamond-shaped leaf spring is carried out. Using ANSYS Mechanical APDL 15.0, the simulation parameters are shown in Table 2, and a pressure of 8 N is applied to the diamond-shaped leaf spring.Table 2 Finite element simulation parameters of rhombic leaf spring stringparametervalueMaterialAL7075-T6Reed length Lof/mm18Reed width Wof/mm10Reed Thickness Tof/mm0.25reed inclination angleα/°10/20/30/40Elastic modulus E/GPa73The comparison between the model results and the simulation results of the rhombus leaf spring load-displacement relationship is shown in Fig. 17 (dimensionalization). For four rhombus leaf springs with different inclination angles, the relative error between the model and the finite element simulation results does not exceed 1.5%. The validity and accuracy of the model (24) has been verified.4 Design and test of zero-stiffness flexible hinge4.1 Parameter design of zero-stiffness flexible hingeTo design a zero-stiffness flexible hinge, the design parameters of the flexible hinge should be determined according to the service conditions first, and then the relevant parameters of the crank spring mechanism should be calculated inversely.4.1.1 Flexible hinge parametersThe intersection point of the inner and outer ring flexible hinges is located at 12.73% of the reed length, and its parameters are shown in Table 3. Substituting into equation (2), the torque-rotation angle relationship of the inner and outer ring flexible hinges isTable 3 Structural parameters and material properties of the inner and outer ring flexible hingesparametervalueMaterialAL7075-T6Reed length L/mm46Reed width W/mm9.4Reed Thickness T/mm0.30Elastic modulus E/GPa734.1.2 Negative stiffness mechanism parametersAs shown in fig. 18, taking the number n of crank spring mechanisms in parallel as 3, the length l = 40 mm is determined by the size of the flexible hinge. according to the conclusion of section 2.4, the initial angle =π, crank length ratio = 0.2. According to equation (16), the stiffness of the spring (I .e. diamond leaf spring string) is Kconst = 558.81 N/m (26)4.1.3 Diamond leaf spring string parametersby l = 40mm, =π, = 0.2, the original length of the spring is 48mm, and the maximum deformation (& gamma;= 0) is 16mm. Due to structural limitations, it is difficult for a single rhombus leaf spring to produce such a large deformation. Using four rhombus leaf springs in series (n2 = 4), the stiffness of a single rhombus leaf spring isKd=4Kconst=2235.2 N/m (27) According to the size of the negative stiffness mechanism (Figure 18), given the reed length, width and reed inclination angle of the diamond-shaped leaf spring, the reed can be deduced from formula (23) and the stiffness formula (27) of the diamond-shaped leaf spring Thickness. The structural parameters of rhombus leaf springs are listed in Table 4.surface4In summary, the parameters of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge based on the crank spring mechanism have all been determined, as shown in Table 3 and Table 4.4.2 Design and processing of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge sample Refer to literature [8] for the processing and testing method of the flexible hinge. The zero-stiffness flexible hinge is composed of a negative stiffness mechanism and an inner and outer ring flexible hinge in parallel. The structural design is shown in Figure 19.Both the inner and outer ring flexible hinges and diamond-shaped leaf spring strings are processed by precision wire-cutting machine tools. The inner and outer ring flexible hinges are processed and assembled in layers. Figure 20 is the physical picture of three sets of diamond-shaped leaf spring strings, and Figure 21 is the assembled zero-stiffness The physical picture of the flexible hinge sample.4.3 The rotational stiffness test platform of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge Referring to the rotational stiffness test method in [8], the rotational stiffness test platform of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge is built, as shown in Figure 22.4.4 Experimental data processing and error analysisThe rotational stiffness of the inner and outer ring flexible hinges and zero-stiffness flexible hinges was tested on the test platform, and the test results are shown in Figure 23. Calculate and draw the zero-stiffness quality curve of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge according to formula (19), as shown in Fig. 24.The test results show that the rotational stiffness of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge is close to zero. Compared with the inner and outer ring flexible hinges, the zero-stiffness flexible hinge±0.31 rad(18°) stiffness was reduced by an average of 93%; 0.26 rad (15°), the stiffness is reduced by 90%.As shown in Figures 23 and 24, there is still a certain gap between the test results of the zero stiffness quality and the theoretical model results (the relative error is less than 15%), and the main reasons for the error are as follows.(1) The model error caused by the simplification of trigonometric functions.(2) Friction. There is friction between the diamond leaf spring string and the mounting shaft.(3) Processing error. There are errors in the actual size of the reed, etc.(4) Assembly error. The gap between the installation hole of the diamond-shaped leaf spring string and the shaft, the installation gap of the test platform device, etc.4.5 Performance comparison with a typical zero-stiffness flexible hinge In literature [4], a zero-stiffness flexible hinge ZSFP_CAFP was constructed using a cross-axis flexural pivot (CAFP), as shown in Figure 25.Comparison of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge ZSFP_IORFP (Fig. 21) and ZSFP_CAFP (Fig. 25) constructed using the inner and outer ring flexible hinges(1) ZSFP_IORFP, the structure is more compact.(2) The corner range of ZSFP_IORFP is small. The corner range is limited by the corner range of the flexible hinge itself; the corner range of ZSFP_CAFP80°, ZSFP_IORFP corner range40°.(3) ±18°In the range of corners, ZSFP_IORFP has higher quality of zero stiffness. The average stiffness of ZSFP_CAFP is reduced by 87%, and the average stiffness of ZSFP_IORFP is reduced by 93%.5 ConclusionTaking the flexible hinge of the inner and outer rings under pure torque as the positive stiffness subsystem, the following work has been done in order to construct a zero-stiffness flexible hinge.(1) Propose a negative stiffness rotation mechanism——For the crank spring mechanism, a model (Formula (6)) was established to analyze the influence of structural parameters on its negative stiffness characteristics, and the range of its negative stiffness characteristics was given (Table 1).(2) By matching the positive and negative stiffnesses, the stiffness characteristics of the spring in the crank spring mechanism (Equation (16)) are obtained, and the model (Equation (19)) is established to analyze the effect of the structural parameters of the crank spring mechanism on the zero stiffness quality of the zero stiffness flexible hinge Influence, theoretically, within the available stroke of the flexible hinge of the inner and outer rings (±20°), the average reduction in stiffness can reach 97%.(3) Propose a customizable stiffness“spring”——A diamond-shaped leaf spring string was established to establish its stiffness model (Equation (23)) and verified by finite element method.(4) Completed the design, processing and testing of a compact zero-stiffness flexible hinge sample. The test results show that: under the action of pure torque, the36°In the range of rotation angles, compared with the inner and outer ring flexible hinges, the stiffness of the zero-stiffness flexible hinge is reduced by 93% on average.The constructed zero-stiffness flexible hinge is only under the action of pure torque, which can realize“zero stiffness”, without considering the case of bearing complex loading conditions. Therefore, the construction of zero-stiffness flexible hinges under complex load conditions is the focus of further research. In addition, reducing the friction that exists during the movement of zero-stiffness flexible hinges is an important optimization direction for zero-stiffness flexible hinges.references[1] HOWELL L L. Compliant Mechanisms[M]. New York: John Wiley&Sons, Inc, 2001.[2] Yu Jingjun, Pei Xu, Bi Shusheng, etc. Research progress on design methods of flexible hinge mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2010, 46(13):2-13. Y u jin champion, PEI X U, BIS call, ETA up. State-of-arts of Design Method for Flexure Mechanisms[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2010, 46(13):2-13.[3] MORSCH F M, Herder J L. Design of a Generic Zero Stiffness Compliant Joint[C]// ASME International Design Engineering Conferences. 2010:427-435.[4] MERRIAM E G, Howell L L. Non-dimensional approach for static balancing of rotational flexures[J]. Mechanism & Machine Theory, 2015, 84(84):90-98.[5] HOETMER K, Woo G, Kim C, et al. Negative Stiffness Building Blocks for Statically Balanced Compliant Mechanisms: Design and Testing[J]. Journal of Mechanisms & Robotics, 2010, 2(4):041007.[6] JENSEN B D, Howell L L. The modeling of cross-axis flexural pivots[J]. Mechanism and machine theory, 2002, 37(5):461-476.[7] WITTRICK W H. The properties of crossed flexure pivots and the influence of the point at which the strips cross[J]. The Aeronautical Quarterly, 1951, II: 272-292.[8] l IU l, BIS, yang Q, ETA. Design and experiment of generalized triple-cross-spring flexure pivots applied to the ultra-precision instruments[J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2014, 85(10): 105102.[9] Yang Qizi, Liu Lang, Bi Shusheng, etc. Research on rotational stiffness characteristics of generalized three-cross reed flexible hinge[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(13): 189-195.yang Q I word, l IU Lang, BIS voice, ETA. Rotational Stiffness Characterization of Generalized Triple-cross-spring Flexure Pivots[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(13):189-195.[10] l IU l, Zhao H, BIS, ETA. Research of Performance Comparison of Topology Structure of Cross-Spring Flexural Pivots[C]// ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, August 17–20, 2014, Buffalo, New York, USA. ASME, 2014 : V05AT08A025.[11] l IU l, BIS, yang Q. Stiffness characteristics of inner–outer ring flexure pivots applied to the ultra-precision instruments[J]. ARCHIVE Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 1989-1996 (vols 203-210), 2017:095440621772172.[12] SANCHEZ J A G. Criteria for the Static Balancing of Compliant Mechanisms[C]// ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, August 15–18, 2010, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ASME, 2010:465-473.[13] AWTAR S, Sen S. A generalized constraint model for two-dimensional beam flexures: Nonlinear strain energy formulation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design, 2010, 132: 81009.About the author: Bi Shusheng (corresponding author), male, born in 1966, doctor, professor, doctoral supervisor. His main research direction is fully flexible mechanism and bionic robot.Zero stiffness flexible hinge based on crank spring mechanism is an innovative and revolutionary technology that allows for smooth and precise movement in various applications. In this article, we will explore the working principles of this hinge and its potential applications.

What kind of cabinet hinge is a good hinge_Company News 3

When customers are in the market for cabinets, they primarily focus on the style and color options. However, it is essential to recognize the significant role ...

Precautions for installation of drawer slides - Diagram of how to install drawer slides

How to Properly Install Drawer Slides: Diagram and Precautions
The installation of drawer slides is crucial in ensuring the functionality and ease of use of dr...

How To Unlock Drawer Slides

Are you tired of struggling with a stubborn drawer that won't open smoothly? Unlocking drawer slides can be a frustrating task, but with the right know-how, you can make it a breeze. In this article, we'll share top tips and techniques for getting your drawer slides working like new again. Whether you're a seasoned DIY enthusiast or just looking for a quick fix, we've got you covered. Keep reading to learn how to unlock drawer slides and say goodbye to stuck drawers for good.Understanding the basic principles of drawer slidesWhen it comes to the functionality of a drawer, drawer slides play a crucial role in ensuring smooth and effortless movement. Whether you are building a new piece of furniture or renovating an existing one, it is essential to have a good understanding of the basic principles of drawer slides in order to unlock their full potential.
As a leading Drawer Slides Manufacturer and Supplier, AOSITE Hardware understands the significance of quality drawer slides in enhancing the overall user experience. In this article, we will delve into the fundamental principles of drawer slides and provide valuable insights on how to unlock their potential.
Types of drawer slides
Before delving into the basic principles of drawer slides, it is important to understand the different types available in the market. Drawer slides can be broadly categorized into three main types: side-mount, center-mount, and undermount. Each type has its own unique set of features and benefits, and choosing the right one depends on the specific requirements of the application.
Side-mount drawer slides are the most common type and are mounted on the sides of the drawer and cabinet. They are known for their robustness and can support heavy loads. Center-mount drawer slides, on the other hand, are installed under the drawer and provide a smooth and quiet operation. Undermount drawer slides are concealed under the drawer and provide a sleek and modern look.
Understanding how drawer slides work
The basic principle of drawer slides lies in their mechanism and design. Drawer slides typically consist of two components: the slide and the track. The slide is mounted on the sides of the drawer, while the track is attached to the cabinet. When the drawer is opened or closed, the slide and track work together to facilitate smooth movement.
The key to unlocking the full potential of drawer slides lies in understanding their construction and functionality. It is important to ensure that the slides are installed properly and are of high quality to prevent issues such as sticking, jamming, or uneven movement.
Factors to consider when choosing drawer slides
When choosing drawer slides for a project, there are several factors to consider in order to ensure optimal performance. These factors include the load capacity, extension type, and material of the drawer slides. It is important to select drawer slides that are capable of supporting the intended load and provide the desired level of extension.
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In conclusion, understanding the basic principles of drawer slides is essential for making informed decisions when it comes to choosing and installing drawer slides. By taking into account the types of drawer slides available, their operation, and the factors to consider when selecting them, you can unlock the full potential of drawer slides and ensure a smooth and reliable user experience. AOSITE Hardware is committed to providing top-quality drawer slides that meet the highest standards of performance and durability.Tools and materials needed to unlock drawer slidesDrawer slides are an essential component of any cabinetry or furniture project, allowing for smooth and seamless opening and closing of drawers. However, there may come a time when the drawer slides become stuck or locked, making it difficult to access the contents of the drawers. In this article, we will explore the tools and materials needed to unlock drawer slides, providing you with the necessary knowledge to troubleshoot this common issue.
Before we delve into the specific tools and materials needed, it's important to understand the various types of drawer slides that are commonly used. There are three main types of drawer slides: ball-bearing slides, roller slides, and friction slides. Each type of slide operates differently and may require specific techniques to unlock them.
When it comes to unlocking drawer slides, having the right tools and materials at your disposal is crucial. Here are some essential items that you will need to effectively unlock drawer slides:
1. Screwdriver: A screwdriver is an indispensable tool when it comes to working with drawer slides. Depending on the type of drawer slide, you may need a Phillips or flat-head screwdriver to remove the screws that secure the slides to the drawer and cabinet.
2. Lubricant: In some cases, drawer slides become stuck due to a lack of lubrication. Applying a lubricant, such as silicone spray or white lithium grease, can help to loosen the slides and restore smooth operation.
3. Wooden block: A wooden block can be used to gently tap the drawer slides, helping to dislodge any debris or obstructions that may be causing the slides to become stuck.
4. Pliers: If the drawer slides are rusted or corroded, a pair of pliers can be used to remove any stubborn screws or hardware that may be preventing the slides from functioning properly.
5. Rag or brush: A rag or brush can be used to clean the slides and remove any dirt, debris, or built-up residue that may be hindering the smooth operation of the slides.
Now that we have identified the essential tools and materials needed to unlock drawer slides, let's explore some common techniques for troubleshooting this issue. Regardless of the type of drawer slide, the following steps can be taken to unlock and restore the functionality of the slides:
1. Remove the drawer: The first step in unlocking drawer slides is to remove the drawer from the cabinet. This will provide you with better access to the slides and make it easier to troubleshoot the issue.
2. Inspect the slides: Once the drawer has been removed, carefully inspect the slides for any visible signs of damage, rust, or debris. Use a flashlight to illuminate the interior of the cabinet and identify any potential obstructions.
3. Apply lubricant: If the slides appear to be dry or sticky, apply a small amount of lubricant to the slides. Be sure to wipe away any excess lubricant to prevent it from attracting dust or debris.
4. Gently tap the slides: Using a wooden block, gently tap the slides to dislodge any debris or obstructions that may be causing the slides to become stuck. Be careful not to apply too much force, as this can cause further damage to the slides.
5. Clean the slides: Use a rag or brush to clean the slides and remove any dirt, debris, or built-up residue. This will help to restore the smooth operation of the slides and prevent future issues from arising.
By following these simple techniques and using the appropriate tools and materials, you can effectively unlock drawer slides and restore the functionality of your cabinetry or furniture. If you encounter any difficulties or if the slides appear to be damaged beyond repair, it may be necessary to seek the assistance of a professional drawer slides manufacturer or supplier. AOSITE Hardware, a leading drawer slides manufacturer and supplier, offers a wide range of high-quality drawer slides that are designed to provide smooth and reliable operation. With their expertise and industry-leading products, AOSITE Hardware is your go-to source for all of your drawer slide needs. Unlocking drawer slides is a relatively straightforward process that can be easily accomplished with the right tools and materials. With a bit of patience and know-how, you can troubleshoot this common issue and get your drawers back in working order in no time.Step-by-step guide to safely and effectively unlock drawer slidesDrawer slides are an essential component of any drawer, allowing for smooth and easy opening and closing. However, there may come a time when you need to unlock drawer slides for maintenance or repair. In this step-by-step guide, we will provide you with all the information you need to safely and effectively unlock drawer slides.
Step 1: Gather the necessary tools
Before you begin, make sure you have all the necessary tools and equipment on hand. This may include a screwdriver, a pair of pliers, and a flashlight. Having the right tools will ensure that you can effectively unlock the drawer slides without causing any damage.
Step 2: Identify the type of drawer slide
Drawer slides come in different types, including side-mounted, center-mounted, and under-mounted slides. It is important to identify the type of slide you are working with, as this will determine the specific method for unlocking them. If you are unsure about the type of slide you have, consult the drawer slides manufacturer or supplier for assistance.
Step 3: Remove the drawer from the cabinet
In order to access the drawer slides, you will need to remove the drawer from the cabinet. Carefully pull the drawer out as far as it will go, then lift it up and off the slides. Set the drawer aside in a safe place where it will not get in the way.
Step 4: Examine the locking mechanism
Once the drawer is removed, take a close look at the locking mechanism on the drawer slides. There may be a lever, button, or other type of locking device that needs to be released in order to unlock the slides. Use your flashlight to get a clear view of the mechanism and determine how it is secured.
Step 5: Release the locking mechanism
Using the appropriate tools, carefully release the locking mechanism on the drawer slides. This may involve unscrewing a screw, pressing a button, or using a pair of pliers to release a latch. Take your time and be gentle, as you do not want to force the mechanism and risk causing damage.
Step 6: Test the drawer slides
Once the locking mechanism has been released, gently push and pull on the drawer to test the slides. If everything has been unlocked correctly, the drawer should move smoothly and easily along the slides. If you encounter any resistance or difficulty, double-check that the locking mechanism has been fully released.
Step 7: Reinstall the drawer
With the drawer slides unlocked and working properly, it is time to re-install the drawer in the cabinet. Simply lift the drawer up and align the slides with the tracks in the cabinet. Carefully push the drawer back into place, making sure it is seated securely on the slides.
By following these step-by-step instructions, you can safely and effectively unlock drawer slides without causing any damage. Remember to always use the right tools for the job and consult the drawer slides manufacturer or supplier if you have any questions or concerns. With the right approach, you can keep your drawers in top-notch condition for years to come.
In conclusion, AOSITE Hardware is dedicated to providing high-quality drawer slides that are built to last. Whether you need side-mounted, center-mounted, or under-mounted slides, we have the perfect solution for your needs. With our expertise and commitment to customer satisfaction, you can trust AOSITE Hardware to deliver exceptional products and support.Troubleshooting common issues when unlocking drawer slidesUnlocking drawer slides may seem like a simple task, but there are several common issues that can arise during the process. As a leading Drawer Slides Manufacturer and Supplier, AOSITE Hardware understands the importance of troubleshooting these issues to ensure smooth and efficient operation of drawer slides in various furniture and cabinetry applications.
One of the most common issues when unlocking drawer slides is misalignment. If the drawer slides are not properly aligned, it can be difficult to unlock them and move them freely. This can be caused by uneven mounting of the slides or wear and tear over time. To troubleshoot this issue, it is important to carefully inspect the alignment of the drawer slides and make any necessary adjustments using the appropriate tools.
Another common issue when unlocking drawer slides is the presence of debris or obstruction. Dust, dirt, or other foreign objects can accumulate in the slides over time, causing them to become stuck and difficult to unlock. To address this issue, it is important to thoroughly clean the slides and remove any debris that may be causing the obstruction. This can be done using a soft brush or cloth to gently remove any buildup and restore the smooth operation of the slides.
In some cases, the locking mechanism of the drawer slides may become jammed or malfunction, making it difficult to unlock them. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including damage to the locking mechanism or improper installation. To troubleshoot this issue, it is important to carefully inspect the locking mechanism and ensure that it is functioning properly. If necessary, the locking mechanism may need to be replaced or repaired by a professional to restore proper functionality.
Additionally, wear and tear over time can also cause the drawer slides to become stiff and difficult to unlock. This is a common issue in older furniture and cabinetry where the slides may have been in use for an extended period of time. To address this issue, it is important to lubricate the slides using a high-quality silicone or Teflon-based lubricant. This will help to reduce friction and ensure that the slides can be easily unlocked and moved without excessive force.
As a leading Drawer Slides Manufacturer and Supplier, AOSITE Hardware is committed to providing high-quality drawer slides that are easy to unlock and operate. By understanding and troubleshooting common issues that may arise when unlocking drawer slides, we can ensure that our customers experience the smooth and reliable functionality of our products.
In conclusion, unlocking drawer slides may seem like a simple task, but there are several common issues that can arise during the process. Misalignment, debris or obstruction, malfunctioning locking mechanisms, and wear and tear are all common issues that can make it difficult to unlock drawer slides. By carefully troubleshooting these issues and taking appropriate action, it is possible to restore the smooth operation of drawer slides and ensure the long-term functionality of furniture and cabinetry. With a commitment to quality and reliability, AOSITE Hardware is dedicated to providing high-quality drawer slides that are easy to unlock and operate for our customers.Maintaining and care tips for drawer slides after unlockingDrawer slides are an essential component of any piece of furniture with drawers, such as cabinets, desks, and kitchen storage units. They allow for smooth and effortless opening and closing of drawers, making them an integral part of the functionality and convenience of the furniture. However, after unlocking drawer slides, it is important to properly maintain and care for them in order to ensure their longevity and optimal performance. In this article, we will discuss some useful tips for maintaining and caring for drawer slides after unlocking.
As a leading Drawer Slides Manufacturer and Supplier, AOSITE Hardware understands the importance of proper care and maintenance of drawer slides. By following these tips, you can ensure that your drawer slides continue to function smoothly and efficiently for years to come.
Clean Regularly: One of the most important steps in maintaining drawer slides is to clean them regularly. Over time, dust, dirt, and debris can accumulate on the slides, causing friction and hindering smooth movement. Use a soft, dry cloth to wipe down the slides and remove any buildup. For more thorough cleaning, use a mild detergent and water to gently clean the slides, being careful to dry them completely afterwards.
Lubricate the Slides: Proper lubrication is crucial for the smooth operation of drawer slides. After unlocking the slides, apply a thin layer of high-quality lubricant to the moving parts of the slides. This will help to reduce friction and prevent wear and tear, ensuring that the slides continue to operate smoothly. Be sure to use a lubricant specifically designed for metal components, and avoid over-lubricating as this can attract more dust and debris.
Inspect for Damage: After unlocking the drawer slides, it is important to inspect them for any signs of damage or wear. Check for loose screws, bent or warped components, and any other visible issues. If you notice any damage, it is important to address it as soon as possible to prevent further deterioration and ensure the continued functionality of the slides.
Adjust as Needed: Over time, drawer slides may require adjustment to maintain optimal performance. After unlocking the slides, test the drawers to ensure that they are still operating smoothly. If you notice any sticking or resistance, it may be necessary to adjust the alignment or positioning of the slides. This can usually be done by loosening the screws that secure the slides to the furniture, making the necessary adjustments, and then tightening the screws again.
Protect from Moisture: Excessive moisture can cause rust and corrosion on drawer slides, leading to diminished performance and potentially causing permanent damage. After unlocking the slides, be sure to protect them from moisture by keeping the surrounding area dry and well-ventilated. If the furniture is located in a high-humidity environment, consider using a dehumidifier or moisture-absorbing products to prevent damage to the slides.
By following these maintenance and care tips for drawer slides after unlocking, you can ensure that your furniture continues to operate smoothly and efficiently. As a leading Drawer Slides Manufacturer and Supplier, AOSITE Hardware is committed to providing high-quality products that are built to last. With proper care and maintenance, your drawer slides can continue to enhance the functionality and convenience of your furniture for years to come.ConclusionIn conclusion, unlocking drawer slides is a simple and straightforward process that can be done with the right tools and techniques. We hope that this article has provided you with the knowledge and confidence to tackle this task on your own. As a company with 30 years of experience in the industry, we are dedicated to providing valuable information and tips to help you with your home improvement projects. Whether it's unlocking drawer slides or any other DIY project, we are here to support you every step of the way. Thank you for taking the time to read our article, and we look forward to continuing to share our expertise with you in the future.

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