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Ukuhlola Ukubaluleka Kwezicabha Zemoto

Uma kuziwa ekuhloleni ikhwalithi yemoto, ukunaka imininingwane kubalulekile. Kulesi sihloko, sizophenya ngokubaluleka kwemininingwane eyodwa - ihinge yomnyango wemoto. Ihinge lomnyango lisebenzisa inhloso yokuxhuma umzimba nomnyango, futhi lakhiwe okungenani izingxenye ezintathu ezibalulekile.

Okokuqala, kunezitho zomzimba ezixhuma emzimbeni wemoto. Okwesibili, kunezingxenye zomnyango ezixhuma emnyango ngokwawo. Okokugcina, kunezinye izingxenye eziqinisekisa ukuthi izinsimbi zomnyango zingenza kube lula ukuvuleka nokuvala ukunyakaza okubushelelezi.

Amahinge ezimoto eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, futhi angahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe kumazinga ahlukene. Manje ake sinikeze isingeniso esifushane kwezinye izindinganiso zokuhlukanisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa zamahinji emoto.

Ukuhlukaniswa ngendawo:

Izidingo zamahinge ziyehluka ngokuya ngezikhundla zazo, okuholela ngokwemvelo ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene zamahinji. Ngokusekelwe ezikhundleni ezihlukene, amahinji emoto angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko: amahinge ama-hood, amahinji eminyango eseceleni, namahinge eminyango yangemuva.

Amahinge ama-hood, njengoba negama liphakamisa, asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma i-hood (noma ibhonethi) nomzimba wemoto. Ihood ivamise ukuvuleka iye phezulu futhi ibanjwe ivundlile. Ngakho-ke, ama-hood hinges awadingi ukwesekwa okuphezulu kwe-axial. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yendawo yawo ekhomishini yenjini kanye nengxenye engezansi yehood, lawa mahinji adinga ukucabangela izici ezifana nezithiyo zesikhala nokuvikelwa kwabahamba ngezinyawo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuvamile anesimo eside.

Njengoba ihood ngokuvamile ivikelwa i-strut noma i-pneumatic spring ngemva kokuvulwa, i-hood hinge ngokuvamile ayidingi imigoqo eyengeziwe noma imikhawulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihood inezifunda ezimbili kuphela - evalwe ngokuphelele noma evuleke ngokuphelele - ngaleyo ndlela ikhawulela izithiyo zokuklama. Ukwengeza, i-hood ivuleka kancane uma iqhathaniswa neminye iminyango, okuholela ezidingweni eziphansi zokuthembeka kwamahinge ayo.

Izicabha eziseceleni ziyizinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zamahinge emoto. Baxhuma isicabha esiseceleni emzimbeni wemoto bese bethwala isisindo somnyango wonke. Ngakho-ke, badinga amandla aphezulu e-axial. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba iminyango eseceleni ivame ukufakwa ziqonde ezimotweni, amahinge omnyango oseceleni adinga ukusekela isisindo nokunyakaza komnyango ngempumelelo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amahinge eminyango eseceleni ahlangene ngosayizi futhi ngokuvamile anomumo oyi-cubic.

Iminyango eseceleni ingavuleka kunoma iyiphi i-engeli, okwenza kudingeke ukuthi kusetshenziswe izikhawuli ukuze ibambe ngokuphepha. Ukuvula nokuvala umnyango oseceleni njalo kungase kudale izingozi zokuphepha. Isibonelo, lapho ushayela ukhuphuka noma wehla umqansi, amandla okuvula okungafanele angabangela ukuthi umnyango ukhulise i-engeli yawo ngokuzenzakalelayo, okuholela ezingozini zokuphepha. Ukuze unciphise lokhu, amahinge ezicabha eziseceleni athambekele kukho kokubili ukuya emuva nangaphakathi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi umnyango uhlala uvikelekile ngenkathi usebenza. I-engeli yokuthambekela ngokuvamile isukela ku-0-3°.

Ngokufanelekile, amahinge eminyango eseceleni kufanele afakwe ngebanga elibalulekile phakathi kwawo. Kodwa-ke, ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe okufana nesakhiwo nokumboza kukhawulela ibanga phakathi kwamahinge. Ngakho-ke, ibanga elinconyiwe phakathi kwamahinji amabili okungenani liyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yobubanzi bomnyango.

Amahinge eminyango yangemuva, njengoba negama lisho, xhuma isicabha sangemuva nomzimba wemoto. Lawa mahinge afana namahinge e-hood, njengoba engadingi amandla aphezulu e-axial. Ukwengeza, iminyango yangemuva ingavuleka ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokuvundlile noma mpo (uma kwenzeka ama-sedans nama-hatchbacks).

Ukwahlukaniswa Ngokukhiqiza:

Amahinge ezimoto nawo angahlukaniswa ngokuya ngendlela yokukhiqiza - kungaba ukugxiviza noma ukufoja.

Amahinge okunyathela akhiwe izingxenye zensimbi ezinesitembu. Banenzuzo yokuthi bayathengeka, kulula ukusetshenzwa, futhi bangasindi. Kodwa-ke, banokunemba kokuma kwe-axial okumpofu, ukuxega okuphezulu, namandla e-axial abuthakathaka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zehinge.

Amahinge akhiwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinqubo zokubumba. Lawa mahinge mancane ngosayizi, anamandla aphezulu, futhi anikeza ukunemba okungcono kwe-axial orientation. Nokho, ayabiza kakhulu futhi anesisindo esingaphezu kwamahinge okugxiviza.

Ukuhlukaniswa ngesakhiwo:

Amahinge ezimoto angaphinde ahlukaniswe ngokwesakhiwo sawo - kungaba amahinge ahlanganisiwe noma amahinge angahlanganisiwe.

Amahinge ahlanganisiwe ahlanganisa imisebenzi yakho kokubili amahinge kanye nemikhawulo. Baqeda isidingo sesivalo esihlukile, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuklama nokufakwa. Kodwa-ke, amahinge ahlanganisiwe avame ukuba mkhulu, asinde, futhi abize kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namahinji ajwayelekile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamahinge ahlanganisiwe: uhlobo lwe-torsion bar kanye nohlobo lwasentwasahlobo. Uhlobo lwasentwasahlobo lusebenzisa umkhawulo oshayelwa intwasahlobo, kuyilapho uhlobo lwebha ye-torsion lusebenzisa ibha ye-torsion ukushayela indlela yomkhawulo. Izindleko zohlobo lwasentwasahlobo ziphansi, kodwa amandla ayo okukhawulela angaphansi kwalawo ohlobo lwe-torsion bar.

Amahinge angahlanganisiwe, awaziwa nangokuthi amahinge ahlukene, awuhlobo lwamahinge oluvame kakhulu. Azinawo umsebenzi wokukhawulela futhi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinye izingxenye, ezifana neziphethu ze-pneumatic noma torsion.

Kafushane, amahinge emoto adlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezimoto nokusebenza. Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka okubanzi kwezitayela zeminyango, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamahinge emoto atholakalayo. Lesi sihloko sinikeze ukubuka kabanzi kwezigaba ezijwayelekile zamahinji emoto, okugxile ezikhundleni nasezindaweni zazo. Njengomhlinzeki owaziwayo, sibeka phambili isevisi yamakhasimende engenasici futhi siqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yethu ihlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphakeme ngokunikeza izitifiketi eziqinile.

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